After end 1996 the CP'86 ripped in a neo-Nazi wing and a more moderate wing of the neo-Nazis were the party name in hands. The other group was initially continue as 'People's Nationalists Netherlands' (VNN). But after the ban on CP'86 in 1998 was publicly introduced the discussion of the VNN should not be seen as a successor to the party. That would bring the VNN in big trouble and the board criminally liable. The VNN waited it out and not the rank and founded a new party: New Nationalist Party (NNP). Initially know the party to gather many former supporters of the Centre Party and Centre Democrats, but great achievements remain off. Vanaf 2002 the party to participate in elections, but is completely overshadowed by the successes of Pim Fortuyn and (after his violent death) The LPF. However, the NNP remains active for some time and try to enter into a partnership with the New Right. However, the New Right is not on collaboration, but to the members and followers of the NNP. After this failed experiment, the NNP is lifted.
This text is part of the quarterly research results 3 23 In June, Ronald van der Wal was arrested in Poland. He was about to purchase five firearms with ammunition. They would be intended for an attack in the Netherlands. Van der Wal is an old acquaintance within the extreme right of the Netherlands. Among other things, he was active… Read more
Evert Mouw, one of the first users of the website Stormfront is demanding large damages from research group Kafka. He wrongly believes that he has been portrayed as a “convinced National Socialist and Hitler supporter”.. "I'm afraid we'll never get rid of the Jews." It is 5 May 1998 and Sleeve (1976) writes about his ideas… Read more
Op 9 juni 2015 in The Hague installed the new senators in the Senate. Among them was a rising young PVV'er from Noord-Brabant, Alexander van Hattem (1983) from Steensel. For the general public it is an unfamiliar sight, but Van Hattem has been running since 2002 around on the political scene. He started… Read more
With the appearance of the first edition of the magazine Alert! in 1997 also appeared the first "Under the Loupe ', the article that provides research Kafka. Na 15 year and almost 60 episodes is the time to look back. A critical review: we've done it all the time as we wanted? Had Articles… Read more
In this article we discuss the far-right activist Paul Peters. Peters is interessant, because he is important in the extreme right because of his long career – he is in his own words more than fifteen years in the world -, that whole period has been very active and of great significance for all kinds of organizations. But above… Read more
In Parliamentary parties usually present with slick election commercials, multicolored promotional leaflets with the priorities, detailed manifestos full of noble plans and Web sites that candidates show their best side. The Anti-Fascist Research Kafka looked even better for the politicians who are now candidates for the parliamentary elections. We viewed the political… Read more
With the expiration of the years you sometimes see people come to the surface in the far-right scene, where you do not really expect. Age plays in these cases it is often an important role. Many groups with an obstinate character (think of criminals) The age of participants is usually limited to between 15 in the 25. Ook… Read more
Mussolini-fan, SS admirer and Centre Democrats support parliamentarian Geert Wilders's Freedom Party of Geert Wilders in March participated in the provincial elections in all provinces. Since the establishment is trying PVV rig, keep troublemakers and known right-wing extremists outside the door. That this is not an easy, appeared in recent months. De ene na… Read more
In september 2010 Venray's Committee against AZC founded. The action group is directed against the arrival of a refugee center in the town of Venray. Not everything is what it seems. The committee founders use a hidden agenda. They are much more extreme than they appear. The planned arrival of an asylum center (AZC) in… Read more
In this article we will look back on the past decade. The reason is that in our opinion, there is currently a transition period, perhaps even the end of an era. Some organizations are on the verge of disappearing, many far-right activists have recently been dropped. At the same time there is a party in… Read more
Self Certified friends Pim carry on in November was registered against D66 leader Alexander Pechtold. He was found guilty according to the Friends of Pim Fortuyn and the foundation Image of Pim to libel, sedition and inciting hatred by Geert Wilders called a racist and right-wing extremist. He was considered… Read more
The handling of the extreme right with the Internet is not of today or yesterday. Mid nineties, when the Internet was slowly accessible to a wide audience, were in different countries right-wing extremists active on the Internet. What they had exactly it was not yet clear, but it was new, hip and seemed a handy medium… Read more
When the Danish cartoonist Kurt Westergaard in 2005 made a cartoon of the Prophet Muhammad with a bomb in his turban, he will undoubtedly have no idea what made this drawing would loosen. Let alone that he thought that the cartoon would lead to the creation of a new far-right organization… Read more
All of the Dutch action group Outpost celebrates its thirty-first birthday. In 1976 Outpost was founded in Flanders. It was a product of a troubled period in the Flemish nationalist movement. Moderates and radicals flew together in that period firmly in the hair. That produced a number of new far-right organizations, including a new game, Vlaams… Read more
It is good practice to far-right organizations to tears with some regularity. For example, recently found another rift within the National Alliance. An active group of members from Zeeland took off and then founded a new club, the "Teutonic Brothers". The first thing you notice is the family Dietse Comrades… Read more
One of the main right-wing parties in the Netherlands has fallen apart. The people of the Pim Fortuyn List (LPF) have spread over several new parties. Also from the VVD are some right-wing MPs walked for new political initiatives. How should we interpret these new parties? Are they extreme right? If we only look at the manifestos… Read more
Recently we wrote the first article about Blood & Honour Nederland. It was history and describes the current state of affairs. Briefly came across this article means that some attempts have been made to establish a Dutch department of Blood & Honour, the international organization for Nazi skinheads. These attempts all failed,… Read more
How a website for cronies provides access to far-right politics. What is forbidden in the street, should also not on the Internet. Nevertheless, there are several websites that openly discriminated, being invited to violence and acts in racist and fascist where. A striking example of such a website is Holland Hardcore. This site addresses… Read more
In recent years we watched regularly representatives “new politics”, to investigate whether there was also of right-wing extremists who joined this. We watched Liveable Netherlands, LPF and various factions that tore from them. It is therefore interesting to see how it is now with. De… Read more
New Right is like most extreme right-wing parties in the Netherlands originated from a quarrel and a split of another party. As Michiel Smit in 2003 put out Liveable Rotterdam, Partly because of his ongoing contacts with the Vlaams Blok and the NNP. It soon becomes apparent that the sole fraction Smit pretends a… Read more
According to a time-honored tradition of the extreme right National Alliance emerged from a split in another far-right party. Jan Teijn, NNP member and part councilor in Rotterdam Feyenoord, was in the spring of 2003 quarrel with the party of the NNP. The reason for this was distributing money and Teyn's trade in neo-Nazi CDs. This quarrel… Read more
Middle augustus 2005 knew Justice Minister Donner in response to parliamentary questions – to report that the prosecutor initiated an investigation into criminal statements on the Dutch web forum of the site Stormfront.org. The prosecution itself, however, covers itself in advance and notify: It is not easy to study because participants often use… Read more
(We have all forums only postings on Stormfront illustrating put upon. Otherwise it would be quite confusing many. But he also has posted on many other forums.) 01-09-2004 Wrote on Stormfront: “these youths resist tenminst still active against the destructive developments in our country like Islamisation and blacker in… Read more
"Will I arrested again like last Tuesday in The Hague?? I have no interest ass!! It's just that justice knows. ON TO A MUSLIM FREE EUROPE!!” (Ben van der Kooi on the Stormfront forum) Late last week, Ben van der Kooi arrested as a suspect arson in a Surinam mosque in Rotterdam. For whom… Read more
Mid nineties were cronies hot news. Loud music, garish clothing, the large quantities of drugs, but especially the popularity of the subculture created great media interest. The publications were often about the negative character of the scene: the drug use, but also Gabbers of the alleged right-wing ideas. After the murder of Theo van Gogh… Read more
For two years, the extreme right-wing movement an illustrious personality richer: Virginia Kapic (1978). Started as internetactiviste, she left in more than a year with French doors NCE and the NNP, to the National Alliance after (NA) to be set. Now she is one of the main characters in the NA. Virginia Kapic appeared in late 2002… Read more
Op zondag 22 augustus was het gehucht Steenstrate bij Ieper in Vlaanderen het decor van een merkwaardig samenkomen. Een kleine 5.000 nationalisten herdachten op een afgelegen weiland de gevallenen uit de Eerste Wereldoorlog. Dit gebeurt normaliter op de traditionele IJzerbedevaart, nu een week later. But the radical currents of the Flemish movement has since… Read more
Op 10 June, the voters can vote again for the members of the European Parliament. The far-right party New Right does with 25 candidates competing. A number of them has an interesting background. One part is taken from the LPF, but many have had contacts with more radical organizations like the NNP, the… Read more
Eindhoven, in het zuidoosten van Nederland, is al sinds jaren een plaats die veel extreem-rechts activisme kent. Begin jaren 90 was er in heel Nederland sprake van gestructureerde activiteiten van nazi-skinheads. Een van de actiefste groepen bevond zich toen in Eindhoven. Maar sinds de teruggang van extreem-rechts, vanaf 1998, Eindhoven is an odd… Read more
Donderdagavond 4 maart kreeg de politie in Amsterdam een vreemde melding: er liepen drie mannen met bivakmutsen rond het huis van een persfotograaf. Deze fotograaf maakt regelmatig foto’s van linkse acties en fotografeerde onlangs een confrontatie in Amsterdam tussen extreem-rechtse activisten en antifascisten. The three men called at him and took pictures of his… Read more
Late January 2004 made the Amsterdam Wim Beaux known to leave the New National Party and he joined the NNP-splitting “Nationale Alliantie”. This Beaux began his fifth extreme-right party since he 1980 became a member of the Center Party. In this 23 jaar is Fine’ political career all but gone about roses. Shortly after… Read more
Anyone who has an email address knows the phenomenon: spam. Spam is unwanted email that was sent, often with advertisements for porn sites, penisvergroting, viagra pills and cheap loans. Almost all spam comes from obscure American organizations. Dutch spam is rare, but does exist. Special is that also makes use of the extreme right there. As if they were with… Read more
Op 11 September, unfolds a bizarre spectacle at the statue of Pim Fortuyn in Rotterdam. There gathers a group of people for a demonstrative procession to the 11 commemorate September attacks in America. The organizing committee particularly wants to commemorate the Dutch victims and expresses its concern about Muslim organizations in the Netherlands… Read more
Eighteen months ago, appeared in one of the corners of the Internet an unsightly website titled Werewolf Netherlands. The site with information about enemies of National Socialism, was an initiative of the Action Front National Socialists (ANS): “This site is to inform political soldiers about their enemies (…) Werwolf netherlands is a part of… Read more
Dit keer nemen we geen kaderlid, geen leidinggevend figuur maar een ouderwetse straatactivist onder de loep, maar wel een bijzondere: Ben van der Kooi. Hij is 29 jaar oud en vanaf 2000 actief in het extreem-rechtse circuit. Van der Kooi zet zich in voor elke organisatie die hij als radicaal-rechts beschouwt: de Nieuwe Nationale Partij… Read more
On Saturday 8 maart 2003 demonstrate a small fifty right-wing extremists by the Rotterdam district Feyenoord. The route is short and mostly runs along the track through a sparsely populated area. On the spot where a new mosque will be built retain the councilor Florens van der Kooi a speech against Islam in general and… Read more
Na de totaal mislukte verkiezingsdeelname aan de gemeenteraadsverkiezingen in 2002 tried the Dutch People's Union (NVU) ook dit jaar weer voldoende stemmen te krijgen voor een politiek podium. De partij deed op 11 maart mee aan de Provinciale Statenverkiezingen in Gelderland. Met ruim 1500 stemmen (0,2%) behaalde de partij precies voldoende steun voor 0,15 zetel. De… Read more
Just three months after the installation of the government Balkenende is the chaos within the second ruling party, The LPF, incalculable more. All kinds of different arguments and conflicts plaguing the party. One of the conflicts takes place within the Kamerfractie: The chairman Wijnschenk with his faithful can no longer through one door with Winny de Jong… Read more
The AVD splits in October 2002 van de LPF of. The big stumbling block for AVD'ers is the lack of participation and democracy within the LPF. Unlike Winny de Jong and her Conservatieven.nl however lacks the AVD a striking figurehead. Partly because the game will only get the publicity and… Read more
As if there are not yet enough elections, inhabitants have a number of counties in late November to the polls for municipal reorganization elections. Both in Zwijndrecht in Oss are exciting developments. Livable Zwijndrecht in Zwijndrecht joins the NNP and submitted a list of eleven candidates. The list itself has few surprises: a… Read more
In de Lente van 2002 werd vanuit de extreem-rechtse Nieuwe Nationale Partij (NNP) een jongerenorganisatie opgericht met de naam Nieuwe Nationale Jongeren (NNJ). Alle NNP-leden in de leeftijd van 16 tot 30 jaar zijn automatisch lid. Men zet een website op die volgens eigen zeggen ‘niet politiek correct’ and which one explains what the… Read more
In maart behaalt de NNP bij de deelraadsverkiezingen in Rotterdam-Feijenoord voorlopig haar enige succesje van dit jaar. De partij doet met twee zetels haar intrede in de deelraad. Oudgediende Jan Teijn wordt de fractievoorzitter en partijvoorzitter Florens van der Kooi wordt tweede man. Besides the membership of the council Jan Teijn also takes the editorship… Read more
Begin april sloeg de paniek even toe bij de kringcoördinatoren van de Lijst Pim Fortuyn. Hun belangrijkste taak was het verzamelen van minimaal 30 steunhandtekeningen in elk van de 19 kieskringen. Zonder deze handtekeningen kon de partij niet mee doen aan de verkiezingen volgens de kieswet. Minimaal had de partij dus 570 (19 x 30)… Read more
Op 6 maart zijn er gemeenteraadsverkiezingen in meer dan 400 gemeentes in Nederland. Al eerder namen we hiervoor de kandidatenlijsten van extreem-rechtse partijen onder de loep. Het blijkt echter dat lieden uit extreem-rechtse partijen ook opduiken op de kandidatenlijsten van partijen die niet extreem-rechts zijn. Vooral de “Leefbare” partijen hebben aantrekkingskracht. There occurs a plurality… Read more
In Rotterdam, doing both the Dutch People's Union (NVU) as the New National Party (NNP) mee. Moreover, the NNP kandi decodes also in the council Feyenoord. Beide partijen blijken hierbij in hoge mate een beroep te doen op voormalige leden van de CP’86. The Dutch People's Union list of NCE is comprised of four names. Constant Kusters,… Read more
In Leeuwarden doet de NNP mee onder leiding van partijsecretaris Hendrik Sybrandy. Hendrik Sybrandy, die ook lijsttrekker voor de NNP in Amsterdam is, loopt sinds 1992 rond binnen het extreemrechtse circuit. In dat jaar ontmoet hij extreemrechtse deelnemers aan de Fries-nationalistische Warns-herdenking en wordt vervolgens lid van het Nederlands Blok. At first he is… Read more
De Amsterdamse lijst van de NNP geeft een beter beeld van de partij, dan de partij waarschijnlijk lief is. Het gaat om een waslijst van overtuigde anti-semieten, geweldplegers en mensen met criminele antecedenten. De lijst wordt aangevoerd door Hendrik Sybrandy, die ook lijsttrekker is in Leeuwarden. (See in Leeuwarden for more information about him). De… Read more
Zaterdag 13 January 2001 werd Henk Ruitenberg voor de tweede keer in zijn politieke carrière verkozen tot voorzitter van een extreem-rechtse partij. Was hij medio jaren negentig nog voorzitter van de CP’86, inmiddels is hij de leider van de NNP. Ruitenberg bracht de extreme vleugel van het Nederlandse fascisten-landschap iets waar grote behoefte aan was:… Read more
Het CDA-Eerste Kamerlid Van den Hul-Omta zal “bij wetgeving waakzaam zijn betreffende het door Taalverdediging bepleite”. Haar collega Woldring steunt Taalverdediging van harte en hun partijgenoot Visser-van Doorn, die in de Tweede Kamer zit, kan de meeste doelstellingen onderschrijven. They respond to a letter campaign to the campaign group Taalverdediging all national political parties for their support… Read more
Een woordvoerster van het verzet uit de Tweede Wereldoorlog vond het maar niets dat nota bene een extreem-rechtse partij zich de naam “Verzets-Partij” had aangemeten. Op 20 maart 2000 richtten de nieuwe ‘verzetsstrijders’ Ruben Hubbers (1980) en zijn eega Gaby Hubbers-Plasschaert (1974) deze vereniging op om aan de komende Tweede Kamerverkiezingen mee te kunnen doen…. Read more
Hans Janmaat verschijnt de laatste tijd regelmatig in de media. Omdat hij niet meer als gevaar gezien wordt, vinden allerlei televisieprogramma’s het amusant om hem als voormalig enfant terrible van de vaderlandse politiek te portretteren. Inderdaad stellen zijn Centrumdemocraten (CD)niets meer voor. Het laatste partijblad is in oktober 1998 verschenen en na het verkiezingsverlies in… Read more
De dwarsverbanden die sommige mensen leggen kunnen soms verbazingwekkend zijn. Dat voorzitter Koetsier van de Verenigingskerk (Nederlandse tak van de Moonsekte) in februari spreker was op een partijbijeenkomst van de uiterst rechtse Nieuwe Nationale Partij (NNP) will have surprised many people. If you go past Wim Koetsier however, look it is already something… Read more
Els Suter from Almere conscience. In februari 1999 they are looking for, along with thirty other members of the Society Our Language, good spirits the press. De dertig hebben een initiatiefgroep opgericht om iets te doen aan het onnodig gebruik van Engelse woorden in de Nederlandse taal. Needless English immediate reason for the… Read more
Today the former directors had Wim Beaux (voorzitter) Marc de Boer (secretaris) of the far-right party People's Nationalists Netherlands (VNN) report to the police court in The Hague. The Prosecution argued that they had been guilty of discrimination by publications on the homepage of the VNN. The magistrate sentenced both to… Read more
Vanaf 1 January 1999 Netherlands is another new extreme right initiative 'richer'. The Independent National Press Office (ONP) opens a home page with posts “for anyone who wants to follow developments in the nationalist movement in the Netherlands”. ONP sees itself as a “independently of motion, organization or party operating resource”. The independence with which it… Read more
In the weekend of 21 May Outpost has kept most Pentecostal Camp failed in its history. Was the board of Outpost Netherlands itself intends to highlight here 1999 to make, antifascists thought otherwise and managed to ruin a thing or thoroughly. Two years ago, the outpost was Pentecostal camp… Read more
Free (Friedrich Eduard Matthee) Verbrugge (1945) from Hoeven is from 1976 actively Outpost and fits 1978 Outpost- Netherlands on. He is one time chairman of this section, but leaves according to the Chamber of Commerce in March 1982 as a board member. In practice, however, he was to 1996 Chairman of the Dutch branch and… Read more
Zaterdag 27 March the annual contact day of Voorpost Netherlands Hilversum. Among those present were several board members of the NNP and Chiel King pulls the CD table at the next European elections. At this meeting, the Vlaams Blok party leader spoke in Brussels, Johan de Mol on the theme 'Safety'. This topic choice is given… Read more
Some time before the municipal elections 1998 Some active fascists began discussions on the future of the extreme right in the Netherlands. Involved included the People's Nationalists Netherlands (VNN), some CD'ers and Outpost. Wim Vreeswijk of Dutch Block was just the party. On the one hand expecting a severe loss in elections and… Read more
The candidate of the CD in South Holland gives a hurry familiar image: Janmaat as Lijstduwer and beyond all people who walk around for some time with the CD. That it is now incumbent parliamentarian Pieter de Jong no candidate has undoubtedly something with his age (82 jaar) to make. The list includes eleven candidates, two… Read more
The list includes twelve candidates, most of whom have long walk around with the CD. Remarkably, the current parliamentarian Wim Elst Wood from Haarlem is in second place. The region Kennemerland represents the strongest on the list. This probably has something to do with the circle of success Haarlem. Haarlem… Read more
De Nieuwe Nationale Partij (NNP) occurs only in municipal elections in Breda note. The party is in July 1998 founded by the People's Nationalists Netherlands (VNN), CD'ers apostate and non-party-aligned right-wing extremists. On behalf of the VNN were especially Marcel Hoogstra and Marc de Boer involved in setting. Chairman is former board member Egbert CP'86 Peree (1924), Secretary VNN former board member… Read more
Marcel Hoogstra and Marc de Boer This time an article is not one, but two right-wing extremists. Not because these gentlemen were not interesting enough for an individual consideration, but because both of their doings and so closely intertwined. We are talking about Marcel Hoogstra and Marc de Boer, in far-right circles… Read more
In 1980 begins Egbert Perée (1924) his extreme right career at the far right 'Referendum Netherlands ". This is a group that is primarily concerned with the ending of consultation evenings and sending letters to the editor. Referendum Netherlands has only one message: 'Foreigners Out!’. As contact address Perée uses the mailbox of the National Party Netherlands, a precursor… Read more
a Oi!-Skinhead concert organized by Support Your Scene Productions van Mike van Schaik in a cafe in Schiedam. The bands are The Patrons en The Firm. Van Schaik is also the singer of The Firm. He was in 2002 active in the extreme right party NNP.
Results of research show repeatedly seen in many variations and tonalities that Islam and Muslims in the Netherlands but difficult to accept. This is partly reflected in the results of research into experiences of discrimination of Turkish-Dutch and Moroccan-Dutch youth and the results of research on the degree of acceptance of Muslims. Many young people of Turkish or Moroccan feel they belong to the Dutch society. They feel excluded and rejected. They are not seen as individuals, but as Turks, Moroccans or Muslims i.e.. as a different set of. They feel differently treated
many areas of daily life. They feel, distorted in the press. Many young men have to deal with ethnic profiling by police. They call the unfavorable climate towards ethnic minorities as the main reason why they still identify with their community of origin and their faith. giving Taken together, the results of the study in which this emerges a clear indication that a thread experiences of discrimination make in the lives of these young people. One such discrimination is Islamophobia. Islamophobia manifests itself in various fields and in many sectors of society, in downright violent practices and ordinary interpersonal communication.
This research report focuses on risk and protection related to discriminatory incidents at mosques. From the book "Islamophobia and Discriminatie'1 already revealed that the broader picture of growing Islamophobia in the Netherlands merged with the incidence of violence and incidents at mosques. The number of registered cases showed a continuity of periods when it peaked, depending on the circumstances. This was the case after the attacks on the WTC in New York 11 september 2001 and after the murder of van Gogh in November 2004. In 2014 were asked first mosques themselves about their experiences in this gebied.2 Combined with data from other sources we Although this did not complete but a plausible picture of discriminatory aggression and violence against mosques in Netherlands. This picture is summarized as follows. Of the estimated 475 Mosques in the Netherlands over a third (39 %) to make in the past ten years, had with one or often more occurrences of discriminatory aggression and violence. Destruction, with discriminatory graffiti slogans, (attempts at) arson, threatening letters and hanging a pig's head are among the most common incidents. Some of these mosques made such incidents
at least annually or even more often,. 30% of the mosques has experienced no incidents of discriminatory aggression and violence. From 29% of the mosques is not known whether they have had these experiences.
Issues of immigration and the integration of foreigners have become topics of heated debate in the public and political arena in modern European democracies. According to Koopmans and colleagues (2005: 3) ‘immigration and ethnic relations (…) constitute since the early 1990s the most prominent and controversial fields of political contention in West European polities’. Parallel to this development, support for anti-immigration parties has increased in several Western European countries. Examples are the French National Front, the Austrian Freedom Party and the Flemish Bloc (since 2004 Flemish Interest) in Belgium. The Netherlands is an interesting case in the European context, because the right-wing populist challenge was rather ‘slow in coming’ (Kriesi et al. 2006: 163). A significant electoral performance of the far-right did not take place until 2002 and it had also failed to make any significant impact on the public debate until relatively recently. The Netherlands was therefore for long considered a ‘deviant case’ (Rydgren and Van Holsteyn 2004), just like for example Sweden, as the country met most conditions that according to established theories explain the emergence of far-right parties elsewhere, but these parties still remained relatively unsuccessful.
Op 22 juli 2011 Norwegian Islamophobic rechtsextremist1 founded massacred young social democrats on the island of Utoya in Oslo. There were dozens of dead and wounded. He also placed bombs at Norwegian government buildings which were also dead. The perpetrator acted out of ideological motives: he wanted to put an end to the Islamization of Norway and those he held responsible for this strike. His attack was political in character. He turned not only against a young multicultural generation and the future party framework among them, but also against the institutions of the Norwegian democracy, against the basic values of diversity and openheid.2 As far as the shooter did his deeds as loner. However, he is a member in his motives and opinions of a wider, especially virtual network dedicated to Islam / Muslims. This is evident from the sheet prepared by him and widespread manifesto with its numerous references. This is an Islamophobic ideology globally shared by many people and movements and spread, especially on new media. An important part of this (Virtual) movement not only points to the Islam / Muslims in the construction of an enemy image, but also keeps the social democracy responsible for the alleged Islamization of Europe. This ideology comes in different variants. There are extremist versions, extreme versions and moderate variants.
The investigation into the extreme
right-wing movement and right-wing
extremist movement in the Netherlands is
the longest running investigation by the
AIVD and its predecessors. In this publication
the AIVD presents the current state of
affairs in the Netherlands based on the
results of that investigation.
The AIVD investigation shows that the
threat of right-wing extremism and the
extreme right to the democratic legal order
in the Netherlands is minimal. The
movement is characterised by a small
following, mutual disagreement and
personal animosity, ideologically different
views and organisational fragmentation.
Nonetheless, the threat attributed to
right-wing extremism and the extreme right
is often much more significant. A gap exists
between the actual threat and the perceived
threat.
Read more in the publication
In the public discourse dominating the Netherlands after 1945, anti-Semitism and racism – two of the basic elements of (“classical”) right-wing extremism – have tended to be seen as uncharacteristic of Dutch society.1According to many experts, this is attributed to Dutch experiences in the Second World War, as the Netherlands saw the largest percentage of national Jewish populations in Europe killed, after Poland. A guilt complex related to Dutch behaviour during the War has led to what is often called “the basic consensus” on what is “bad” and “good” in Dutch society.
Until a few years ago, little was known about radicalization in the municipality
Rotterdam. In 2005 Joining the program starts or Get Left Behind; Rotterdam
action against radicalization (paying special attention has shifted
on Islamic radicalization). Simultaneously start a central information: Switching the Information Radicalization (ISPR)1. This information point will - in addition to the police
also information and intelligence on extremism and radicalization in the region gathers
- signs of radicalization and extremism together from municipal services,
parishes, affiliated with the government institutions and front line workers.
is extremely right for the municipalities within the Rotterdam-Rijnmond region not
a new phenomenon. The ISPR brings an annual report with a date
picture of the nature and extent of radicalization, including the extreme right.
This report deals with youths and young adults who have become involved in extreme right-wing movements and then got out again. It has been established on the basis of research in which taking one's own life stories of the individuals concerned a central place. The extreme right in the Netherlands has in recent decades been subject to major change. While the extreme right is largely manifested through political parties in the eighties and nineties, This political orientation was the last decade especially
reflected on the internet and also in a more diffuse way street activism.
The research on the extreme right and extreme right in the Netherlands is the longest-running investigation of the AIVD and its predecessors. In this publication, the AIVD presents the current state of affairs in the Netherlands based on the results of that investigation.
The AIVD's investigation shows that the threat of the extreme right and extreme right
against the democratic system in the Netherlands is small. The movement is characterized by a small support base, disagreement and personal animosity, ideological
divergences and organizational fragmentation. Nevertheless, the threat
is attributed to the extreme right and extreme right often much greater. Is
there is a difference between the actual and the perceived threat.
This publication describes the actual threat of the extreme right and extreme right
in Nederland, and the threats related activities, which may be revealed by research conducted by the AIVD. It is one of the resources that the AIVD to society,
inform politics and government so that they can achieve a response to the threat that does justice to the nature, seriousness and extent.
Read more in the publication
Fortuyn's famous slogan "I say what I think" has not in recent years
only gained widespread imitation, but also led to fierce discussions
about the limits of freedom of expression. Begin 2006, during
global outcry over the Danish Mohammed cartoons', pleaded vvd-
MP Ayaan Hirsi Ali for "the right to beledigen'.1 A Danish
prints was an image of the Prophet Mohammed with a turban in
the shape of a bomb with lit fuse. This cartoon was shown 2008
a starring role in the film Wilders, Fitna, which already has also led to
heated discussions about the limits of freedom of expression. Now That
which borders have shifted and that more can be said than before
seems clear. A striking example is the uproar over the
police raid in May 2008 a Dutch cartoonist 'Gregory
Shot in the neck "which for years has been criticized Islam. The Arrest
the cartoonist, who was suspected of the prohibitions on discrimination
to have violated, aroused great public and political outrage.
Cartoons should be able to, as was widely argued, regardless of
their content. The question of where the limits of free expression than
it should be, remained in the background. However, in discussions
in recent years increasingly argued that the border should
be drawn at inciting violence.
But, as others say, without inciting violence large
harm be done, because the expanded freedoms of expression
influence on the occurrence of intolerance and discrimination. As argument
for this position are indications for a relatively high level
Islamophobia cited in Netherlands. From a survey showed
that more than half of the Dutch, non-Muslim school age
fourteen- to sixteen year olds are negative relative
of moslims.2 As one of the causes is negative image
genoemd: "Negative stereotypes of Muslims and negative clichés
of islam, negative messages from parents and best friend
about Muslims and Islam, and the belief that Muslims are a threat
types for security an important effect on the attitude '.
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This is the report of an investigation into the identity of Lonsdale youth in the municipality Werkendam. Following this study, the structural problems of discrimination and right-wing utterances by young people from this town. The study was developed in collaboration with Bureau Discriminatiezaken Central and West Brabant and Palette, support center for multicultural development in North Brabant. The study sought to understand the identity of Lonsdale youth. Identity is constructed in different ways and by different stakeholders. It consists of ascriptive and zelfascriptieve aspects, that is to say, the identity which people attach respectively to others and to itself. In this study both aspects have been examined. For this, a qualitative study was conducted, in which use is made of data-triangulation. Data obtained from documents, observations and interviews are combined used to answer the research question.
There are a total 66 newspaper articles analyzed to investigate what image newspapers have the identity of Lonsdale youth. It has emerged that the newspapers construct a stereotype of Lonsdalers, being adapted in more extreme or more moderate sentence depends on the social context. The stereotype is that Lonsdale youth have negative views about immigrants and that they feel threatened by them. In addition, the Lonsdalers attributed extreme right nationalist sympathies and feelings.
With the Racism & Extremism seeks various forms of racism, extremism and anti-Semitism - and reactions to these phenomena - to
monitor and issue periodic reports. First we will look at the phenomena: how do racism, extremism and anti-Semitism in the Dutch society. One could look at the expression, such as politically organized racism, and to the exclusion form, eg catering discrimination. Some symptoms are limited by their nature not to the Dutch territory, such as discrimination on the Internet. In such cases, the extra-territorial context is taken into account. Fixed pattern in the monitoring study is the attempt as much as possible to identify different kinds of victims and perpetrators. This exercise can relate to both natives and foreigners, including the latter let divide again in various minority groups. The response to racism, extremism and anti-Semitism can be different in nature, from educational to legal. Usually the nature of the response depending on the appearance of the discrimination, the category of victims and the background of the perpetrators. In addition, some forms of response to coexist or even synergistic. Regular monitoring of the phenomena, victims, the perpetrators and the response serves several purposes. In this way we try to contribute to the understanding of the fight against racism, extremism and anti-Semitism. Furthermore, accumulation of knowledge rather than the fixed system and the periodicity of the study. Finally, there is an image obtained by developments in the long run and makes suggestions based on past experience for future solutions.
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4.3 Right-wing extremism
Atmosphere Decisive for the right-wing extremism in the Netherlands 2005 was the murder of Mr Van Gogh 2 november 2004. Within right-wing extremist circles was after deDood of Mr. Van Gogh with renewed ferocity – especially right-wing internet forums agitated against Muslims in the Netherlands and Islamic institutions, such as mosques and Islamic schools. Anger and frustration prevailed in the various reactions. Anger towards the perpetrator, Muslims and Islam in general, and a great dissatisfaction with the role of government too would focus on dialogue with Muslims. This dissatisfaction has not led to radical actions against the relevant governments or ministers.
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CIDI include Kafka seven reports issued by a cast Hitler salute. The Region Amsterdam Police reports that in May a boy brings the Hitler salute and thereby "Heil" calls towards the Anne Frank House. The same boy brings later (o.a. at Gay Monument, Dam) again a number of times the Hitler salute. The boy is part of a group which is maintained as a whole. Op 4 May, called during the commemoration in a Frisian village in a youth center "Heil Hitler".
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The problem of racist and extremist manifestations among young people in the year 2004 and especially after the murder of Theo van Gogh - 2 november 2004 - Boomed. In the first few months of 2005 have called Lonsdale youth stood almost daily in the media interest. It is a well-known, but to a much lesser extent known phenomenon: many questions to nature, extent and dynamics must be left with no answer.
About the name 'Lonsdale youth' has been much to do. Lonsdale is a British clothing brand that is popular among ravers, even those with extreme right, racist orientation. These cronies commit their clothing brands - not just Lonsdale, but also Pitbull and Hooligan - often wear flashy, so that these brands will act as an external characteristic of these young people. Extreme right, racist cronies were then apparently become so iconic that a reversal has occurred: with 'Lonsdale youth' were not so gradually youth indicated that Lonsdale wear, but the extreme right, racist young ones. Given the seriousness and extent of incidents which these young people attracted attention is the contagion understandable. The well-known sociologist Goffman would speak of "a spoiled identity '. As a result, many young people, however, are also affected wrongly, to say nothing of the clothing brand Lonsdale, that can not be held responsible for abuses of those who wear Lonsdale, making the brand has acquired a negative stigma. Some are of the opinion that therefore should rest a taboo on the name Lonsdale youth. There's something to be said, but negative imaging is to influence our mind and not simply to conceal by giving it another name. We expect that the name Lonsdale youth of limited duration will be, though it is now impossible to foresee exactly when the expiration date has expired.
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4.3 Extreme right
The two main neo-Nazi movements in the Netherlands, The Dutch People's Union (NVU) en de Racial Volunteer Force (RVF), are currently limited in size and relatively isolated in their extreme views. The RVF is a small, Originating British Blood&Honour organization in mid 2002 dissatisfaction with the moderate course of the NCE was founded. RVF and NCE in the past year do speak little of themselves. The NVU organized on 5 juni 2004 a demonstration in The Hague. This demonstration resulted in riots which were mainly caused by extreme left-wing counter-demonstrators.
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5 January – Melding via Kafka: Wolvega brings a 21-year-old man the Hitler salute
to two passing officers. He will be fined and say sorry to
hebben.
15 January – At the football match Roda JC Schalke 04 brings a German man
the Hitler salute. He will be fined € 260.
maart – Melding via Kafka: A native of Zwolle bringing the Hitler salute to
police. It is on purpose 9 april 2004 condemned.
mei-december – Reporting to ADB Hague, Kafka: During these months
devotes message (Scheveningen, Duindorp, Lekstraat and Papendrecht) van stickers
with a male who throws a Star of David in a trash. Text: "You Resistance
against the lie '.
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Op 2 november 2004 Theo van Gogh was murdered. The perpetrator shot Van Gogh, stabbed him several times with a knife and left a threatening letter skewered to his chest. On the run, he shot at police, which gave chase. Finally the perpetrator was shot in the leg and he could be arrested. In the first two weeks after the murder it became clear that it was not in the case of the killer acting alone, but that there was a network of radical Muslims, where a considerable and concrete threat of terror. As a result of this threat were several MPs
be secured. Two members of parliament were to be even in strictly guarded, secret locations. Both the murder and the perceived threat of terror impulses for racist, anti-Muslim sentiments, as well as expressions that were a reaction to those sentiments. This was accompanied by a fierce series of diverse and violent incidents that increased sharply in the middle of November and then by the end of November again to ebb somewhat away. Gradually a variety of far-right statements more and more image.
The Monitoring racism and the extreme right seeks various forms of racism, extreme right and discrimination - as well as response to these phenomena - to monitor and issue periodic reports. The initiative for this project is mid-nineties adopted by the Leiden University.
Since the fourth report, the monitoring project is run jointly by Leiden University and the Anne Frank Foundation. The usefulness of periodic monitoring report is diverse. It is based on a fixed yardstick 'the balance of the principal manifestations and incidents of racial discrimination, racism and right-wing extremism, and the development of strategies to combat. The reports are politicians, directors and representatives of civil society put in a position to reflect on the problems and come to solving strategies. The reports can contribute by their systematic and periodic character of accumulation of knowledge and understanding. It will also provide insight into developments that occur in the longer term. That applies not only to the recent period but also for the future. The monitor can also contribute to early identification of relevant, new developments. Finally, the report could be helpful in answering the numerous practical questions on this subject from
within- or abroad are made.
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3.8 Extreme right
Extreme right in the Netherlands opposes the influx and integration of ethnic minorities into Dutch society and also carries out anti-democratic attitudes. At this time the extreme right in the Netherlands poses no serious threat to the democratic legal. The current summary (election) attraction of the extreme right-wing organizations seems to be partly due to the introverted and closed nature of this environment. The widely held aversion to the Dutch public cherishes towards the extreme right-wing ideology is the cause of the yard limited power of this flow.
Because the political establishment now strong criticism took on the drawbacks of multi-ethnic society and numerous policy initiatives to combat these, the role of the extreme right seems as electoral protest movement at this moment played out. However, the extreme right still can ever, by carrying out radical operations, sharpening inter-ethnic relations within the Dutch society and the confidence in the functioning of the democratic legal harm. Therefore this movement keeps the attention of the AIVD and the authorities to be notified when radical actions arise.
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Annually appears the Monitoring racism and the extreme right of the Anne Frank Foundation and Leiden University. The rapporteurs Jaap van Donselaar and Peter Rodrigues noted that the number of violent racist incidents in the year 2001 remarkable decreased: 317 violent incidents 2001 tegen 406 in 2000 en 345 in 1999. Figures on 2002 are not included in the above monitor. The annual report of the AIVD also pays attention to expressions of extreme right groups in the Netherlands. About the AIVD says the following: "The extreme right is wearing anti-democratic attitudes and opposes the influx and integration of immigrants into Dutch society. At the moment, extreme right in the Netherlands is unable to be considered the continued existence of the democratic legal to threaten seriously. Remain extreme right actions harmful to inter-ethnic relations within the Dutch society '.
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3.1 Extreme right
Extreme right in the Netherlands carries out anti-democratic attitudes and opposes the influx and integration of immigrants into Dutch society. At the moment, extreme right in the Netherlands is unable to be considered the continued existence of the democratic legal to threaten seriously. Remain extreme right actions harmful to inter-ethnic relations within the Dutch society. This section discusses the various extreme right-wing movements addressed and discusses the links between extreme right and the LPF / Liveable Flow.
3.1.1 Currents
The AIVD distinguishes roughly three streams within the extreme right. First, there are the representatives of the so-called civil extreme right '. They honor xenophobic and ultranationalist views, but have conformed to democratic mores, partly forced by the courts and public opinion. The neo-Nazi organizations are a second form. They argue openly anti-democratic and racist and are also likely to achieve their goals by illegal means. Thirdly, there are unorganized groups of individuals and subcultures, which in many different ways and may or may not politically motivated, engaged in the propagation of an extreme right-wing or racist message. The latter could include the commission of racist violence, extreme right-wing statements on the Internet or distributing sound recordings discriminatory or racist texts.
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In the fifth reporting Monitoring racism and the extreme right are the years 2001 and - where possible - 2002 central. The attacks on the United States 11 september 2001 and the murder of Pim Fortuyn 6 May 2002 have had a significant impact on the overall picture of this reporting period. Both events have left deep marks on the interethnic relations in the Netherlands. These traces can be found in the fifth reporting. It is questions like: increases or decreases the number of racist violence in Netherlands? Which right-wing political parties have disappeared and which come in its place? The number of discrimination cases that reaches the public prosecutor or decreases? And what be provided there for business and to what extent that lead to convictions? The initiative for the project Monitoring racism and the extreme right is the mid-nineties taken by the Leiden University. The monitoring project is now jointly conducted by Leiden University and the Anne Frank. This report was made possible with support from the Management Integration and Coordination Minorities of the Ministry of Justice.
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Every year brings the Anne Frank Foundation and Leiden University Monitor
Racism and Extreme Right off. The fourth report – Jaap van Donselaar
en Peter Rodrigues – appeared at the end 2001. These are all forms of
racism, not only anti-Semitism. The researchers note an "increase
the number of violent incidents and the increase also applies in comparison
with previous years. The average over the last five years more than 300,
while the five-year average in the previous monitoring report still below 250
lag’. The report counts over the years 1999 en 2000 a total number of incidents
respectively 345 en 406. They also suggest a hardening fixed: "Remarkable in
years 1999 en 2000 the trend is to a certain degree of hardening of the
violence, that is to say: in comparison with previous years, we see
multiple targeted violence. Anti-Semitic violence takes on meaning
to…The far-right perpetrators is more forward than in the
previous period, all the numerically involves a relatively small part of
the whole…..Many incidents in the years 1999 en 2000 hold in any way
relation to asylum. Not only AZCs are often targeted by
violence, but also individual asylum seekers'.
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2.1 Extreme right
Wing extremist groups often carry an undemocratic ideology and committed xenophobic or even racist manner against the presence of foreigners in Netherlands. The extreme right-wing political organizations and movements in the Netherlands are closely divided and sometimes hold very different ideologies after.
Yet roughly to make a distinction between two extreme right direction. First, there is the so-called civil extreme right ', whose representatives preach ultra-nationalist and xenophobic ideas. Of a different order are the more radical 'neo-Nazi' groups, which unadulterated anti-democratic and racist attitudes honor.
The civil extreme right-wing parties and organizations have this year managed to recover from the blows electoral and organizational malaise which they had to face the previous years. Although not officially confirmed, Block consists Dutch (NB) since the loss of the only seat in the Utrecht city council 1998 not anymore. Also, former political leader of the Centre Democrats Janmaat (CD) several times publicly stated that he sees little future more in a return to politics. Since the CD has barely framework, The CD seems finally on the wane.
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The case studies show that only few parties meet the criteria of the aristotelian definition of political extremism, in the German Federal Republic and the Netherlands at the turn of the century. Socio-economic and cultural extremism seem slightly more common. According to our definition, political extremists strive for a more purely aristocratic, monarchic or democratic regime. As democracy has been sanctified in two world wars, nowadays hardly any party dares to attack it openly.
Is there in our country evidence of increasing or decreasing racial violence? How is it with the tolerance in the Netherlands? Has the local policy against discrimination catering success or keep the number of complaints? To answer these questions it is important that research is conducted to periodically monitor the manifestations of racial discrimination and extreme right. This interest is mid-nineties recognized by the University of Leiden and there is the project Monitoring racism and the extreme right developed. Currently the project is implemented by the Leiden University in cooperation with the Anne Frank Foundation and with support from the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations. Research Monitor is an internationally recognized tool for the detection of racism and discrimination, and developing policies against. In 1999 was in Vienna the European Monitoring Centre on Racism
Xenophobia and start. The Vienna Observatory seeks to follow developments in the European Union and analyzed using national monitoring centers. The project Monitoring racism and the extreme right is an important source for the supply of data to the European Monitoring Centre. In the European Directive 29 juni 2000 equal treatment of persons on the grounds of racial or ethnic origin is also included a monitor provision: after the conclusion of the national regulatory (physical appearance) 2003 shall, with effect from 2005 every five years report to be done on the effectiveness of those national measures.
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The map of the extreme right in the Netherlands compared to 1999 not much
change. The world of the far right is divided into political parties,
organizations and groups.
Parties are the Centre Democrats, de Nieuwe Nationale Partij (NNP) and
Nederlands Blok. The NNP is the most active and trying to "clean’ slogans
accretion to find. The NNP arose when after the schism within CP'86
extreme right threatened to fall apart.
For organizations Post and the National Platform for Action Nationalist
Students (LANS). In Outpost mainly ex-members of CP'86, as Marcel
Routes, Tim Mudde, Marc by Marc de Boer Hoogstra, active. CP'86 was in 1998
forbidden.
Neo-Nazi groups are the Action Front National Socialists (ANS), of
Fundamentalist Workers Party (FAP) and the Dutch People's Union (NVU,
National Offensive and the new offshoot: the Stormfront. The
National Offensive otherwise hardly exists. The most famous neo
in the Netherlands is still Constant Kusters.
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2.1 Extreme right
In the Netherlands, one can distinguish two extreme right-wing phenomena. First, there is the so-called civil extreme right ', whose representatives preach ultra-nationalist and at least xenophobic ideas.
Of a different order are the more radical 'neo-Nazi' groups, which unadulterated anti-democratic and racist attitudes honor. Between both directions, moreover, is sometimes a degree of cross-fertilization.
Extreme right-wing groups of the first category have not had a chance last year to return to the political scene. The mid-term elections in Utrecht Dutch Blok lost its only seat, causing extreme right lost the last representative of an elected body. The various parties have, however, already go warm up in the last year
for the municipal- and parliamentary elections 2002 and try to present their ideas more. From Centrumdemocraten (CD) they mainly sought to gain influence at local level. Here they played in local dissatisfaction with government policies biased by sending letters to random citizens.
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With extreme right parties in government in Austria and Italy, and Jean-Marie Le Pen contesting the run-off in the 2002 presidential elections in France, few people will dispute their continuing relevance in the politics of Western Europe. Indeed, ever since the first small electoral successes of parties like the Centrumpartij in the Netherlands or the Front National in France in the early 1980s, the extreme right has been the most discussed group of parties both in and outside of the scholarly community. Thousands of newspaper articles and hundreds of pieces of scholarly work have been devoted to extreme right parties, predominantly describing their history, leaders or electoral successes, as well as proclaiming their danger. Remarkably little serious attention has been devoted to their ideology, however. This aspect of the extreme right has been considered to be known to everyone. The few scholars that did devote attention to the ideology of the contemporary extreme right parties have primarily been concerned with pointing out similarities with the fascist and National Socialist ideologies of the pre-war period. If the similarities were not found, this was often taken as ‘proof ’ that the extreme right hides its (true) ideologies, rather than as a motivation to look in a different direction.
The Extreme Right has always been weak and fragmented in the Netherlands. It lacked an
ideological tradition as well as a solid social base. A landowning aristocracy no longer played
a significant role in Dutch politics in the nineteenth century – power had shifted to a patrician
bourgeoisie already in the Dutch Republic (1588-1795). Moreover, the Dutch did not have to
deal with a national question that could have given rise to a nationalist movement with
extremist tendencies. It is true, reactionary anti-democratic forces did emerge in the late
nineteenth century, but they were divided between Liberal, Catholic and Calvinist parties.
Only has survived until today, the Reformed State Party (Reformed Political Party ,
SGP). This party has come to accept democracy in practice, but not in theory. It would like to
replace universal suffrage by ‘organic suffrage’, I.E. give the right to vote only to (male)
heads of households.3 However, it is not a nationalist, racist or xenophobic party.4 Since 1925
it has occupied two or three seats in parliament.
How intolerant towards native Dutch immigrants? Almost
25 year assesses the Social and Cultural Planning Office (SCP) public opinion on
immigrants and publishes regularly about. In the late eighties, early
ninety we see a slight hardening of the climate of opinion, but according to the
SCP there are generally few changes. Just About 80% of the
population thinks that natives and immigrants should have equal treatment
have at distribution issues, such as housing and employment.
Just About 13% of the indigenous population rejects
immigrants. Just About 50% of the indigenous population is against immigration
opposed.
Regarding this last NIPO found in 1998 a different outcome:1 not
half, but three-quarters of the native Dutch against further
Immigration opposed. There is - according to the NIPO - a growing support for
immigration restrictions while confidence in integration and
adjustment of immigrants decreases. NIPO found this trend going on
Polls in the years 1993, 1995 en 1998.
Eind 1999 showed another NIPO survey, one third of the Dutch
opposes the granting of asylum to political or economic
vluchtelingen.2 thirds of the Dutch have supported policies
government for political refugees who fear for their own country
their lives to give asylum. About half of the respondents felt that
seekers give nuisance. Further thought about forty percent that asylum seekers
on average, are more criminal than Dutch.
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2.1 Extreme right
The far right has been able to not revenge for the big election defeats 1998. In the elections for the Provincial Council in March did the Centre Democrats (CD) participate in South Holland and North Holland, while participating in Utrecht Dutch Block. For both parties had no seat reserved. The CD incidentally sought, as well as a new right-wing splinter group, de Nieuwe Nationale Partij (NNP), yarn spinning with the events in the Frisian Kollum (the murder of a young resident of Kollum and its aftermath). Due to agitate against the Dutch asylum policy would spread both CD and NNP their ideas, in which they tried in Kollum play on the local resistance among the population against the establishment of an asylum center.
De Nederlandse Volksunie (NVU) violated more international out. It has in 1999 regularly participated in demonstrations and gatherings of sympathizers in Belgium and Germany. German neo-Nazis in turn were a guest at a march of NCE in Valkenburg, where the death of Rudolf Hess was commemorated.
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The Dutch National Security Service (BVD) finds in his
Annual Report July that extreme right-wing organizations in the Netherlands in meaning
decrease. The loss of the extreme right-wing parties in the municipal- en
Parliamentary elections in March and May are an expression of. There are in
Netherlands more than fifty organized neo-Nazis. In recent years, were
that more than one hundred.
The far-right parties in the municipal elections of March 1998
lose virtually all of their seats. In Rotterdam-Schiedam preserve Center
Democrats (CD) 1 seat and one seat in Utrecht goes to Dutch Block.
The extreme right had 88 seats: 78 for the CD, 9 and for CP'86 1 for the
Nederlands Blok.
In the parliamentary elections of May 1998 lose their extreme right
main representation, nl. the three seats the
Centrumdemocraten.
In the Leiden University does Jaap van Donselaar investigating extreme right.
He cites several reasons for the loss of the extreme right.
Important is the changed electoral law. For the first time, each party 570
signatures required scattered throughout the country to join in all constituencies
to be able to do.
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This is the second report of the project Monitoring racism and the extreme right, that was commissioned by the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations. The monitoring project has two main objectives:
1. monitor racism and the extreme right: the observation of these phenomena in the Netherlands, as well as the government response to these phenomena; periodic reporting, in two ways:
(a) 'General report': a general reporting on the basis of a fixed pattern;
(b) a floor battle ': reporting to a special subject is exposed.
2. The periodicity of the project means that displays a general report in one year and the other a 'floor battle'. The first report of 1997 was a general, which involves a broad picture of the phenomena of racism and the extreme right in the Netherlands, as well as government responses. Also those of the coming year (1999) a general report will be. This present second report is devoted to a special’ subject matter: the relationship between the media and also racism and the extreme right.
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