Ten months jail for Wim Vreeswijk
Right Wing Extremist Wim Vreeswijk sentenced to ten months imprisonment for foreigners exploit.
Right Wing Extremist Wim Vreeswijk sentenced to ten months imprisonment for foreigners exploit.
Haarlemmermeer Forza! The Netherlands is a far right Fortuynist game since 2010 is represented in the council of the collective municipality of Haarlemmermeer. They started with three councilors, maar 2012 was a turbulent year in which one councilor Forza! left and the former Proud Netherlands councilor Conny de Bree joined them. The core of the… Read more
Axes and De Wolden The new game Decisive Netherlands does in two counties along Drenthe. The founder Koos Visser (1959) Rolled out. After his son was beaten last year by Moroccan youth together, he started a facebook page “Dutch Offensive”, against violence. He acknowledged in the newspaper that the initiative nationalistic and even… Read more
Bergen op Zoom Party leader Ton Linssen (1952) his party list Linssen has often defends himself. He claims that his party is not racist or extreme right. As alderman works Linssen in Bergen op Zoom along with a broad coalition with VVD and PvdA. Are at the Table Linssen both renegade SP members like Wilders fans welcome,… Read more
In Parliamentary parties usually present with slick election commercials, multicolored promotional leaflets with the priorities, detailed manifestos full of noble plans and Web sites that candidates show their best side. The Anti-Fascist Research Kafka looked even better for the politicians who are now candidates for the parliamentary elections. We viewed the political… Read more
The extreme right and weapons, that seems a particularly unfortunate, if not lethal combination. Especially now that the Norwegian mass murderer Anders Breivik and the German serial killers Nationalsozialistische Untergrund (NSU) show where armed right-wing extremists are capable. Yet the Dutch government seems to be in the form of police and AIVD the possession of weapons of Dutch right-wing extremists… Read more
Mussolini-fan, SS admirer and Centre Democrats support parliamentarian Geert Wilders's Freedom Party of Geert Wilders in March participated in the provincial elections in all provinces. Since the establishment is trying PVV rig, keep troublemakers and known right-wing extremists outside the door. That this is not an easy, appeared in recent months. De ene na… Read more
In this article we will look back on the past decade. The reason is that in our opinion, there is currently a transition period, perhaps even the end of an era. Some organizations are on the verge of disappearing, many far-right activists have recently been dropped. At the same time there is a party in… Read more
The participating parties extreme right or the ordinary right-wing parties that have an appeal to right-wing extremists? If we only look at its conclusions sometimes difficult to pull the party programs. Maybe a look behind the scenes? Which people are involved in this election? The Freedom Party of Geert Wilders but in two counties along…. Read more
Op 24 maart 2007 Sophie died Florentine Rost van Tonningen-Heubel at the age of 92. Rost van Tonningen gold inside and outside the extreme right circuit as a real old comrade. One that the Third Reich had experienced and never had any concession to its national socialist ideology. But what is its significance now been exactly the extreme right… Read more
One of the main right-wing parties in the Netherlands has fallen apart. The people of the Pim Fortuyn List (LPF) have spread over several new parties. Also from the VVD are some right-wing MPs walked for new political initiatives. How should we interpret these new parties? Are they extreme right? If we only look at the manifestos… Read more
In 1999 did the Centre Democrats Janmaat last part in the elections. In the provincial elections, they lost all their seats in that year. A few months later the CD tried again during the European elections, but that was a fiasco from. A year earlier the… Read more
Late January 2004 made the Amsterdam Wim Beaux known to leave the New National Party and he joined the NNP-splitting “Nationale Alliantie”. This Beaux began his fifth extreme-right party since he 1980 became a member of the Center Party. In this 23 jaar is Fine’ political career all but gone about roses. Shortly after… Read more
Anyone who has an email address knows the phenomenon: spam. Spam is unwanted email that was sent, often with advertisements for porn sites, penisvergroting, viagra pills and cheap loans. Almost all spam comes from obscure American organizations. Dutch spam is rare, but does exist. Special is that also makes use of the extreme right there. As if they were with… Read more
Zaterdag 13 January 2001 werd Henk Ruitenberg voor de tweede keer in zijn politieke carrière verkozen tot voorzitter van een extreem-rechtse partij. Was hij medio jaren negentig nog voorzitter van de CP’86, inmiddels is hij de leider van de NNP. Ruitenberg bracht de extreme vleugel van het Nederlandse fascisten-landschap iets waar grote behoefte aan was:… Read more
Hans Janmaat verschijnt de laatste tijd regelmatig in de media. Omdat hij niet meer als gevaar gezien wordt, vinden allerlei televisieprogramma’s het amusant om hem als voormalig enfant terrible van de vaderlandse politiek te portretteren. Inderdaad stellen zijn Centrumdemocraten (CD)niets meer voor. Het laatste partijblad is in oktober 1998 verschenen en na het verkiezingsverlies in… Read more
In de jaren tachtig was rechts-extremisme in de Nederlandse voetbalstadions een bekend verschijnsel. Er waren diverse fascisten die een prominente rol speelden in radicale supportersgroepen zoals bijvoorbeeld Ton Hoogduin, FC Den Haag-supporter en lijfwacht van Hans Janmaat, Tim Mudde nazi-skinhead en Feyenoord-supporter en Eite Homan Aktiefront Nationale Socialisten (ANS)-voorman en leider van de Groninger Z-side…. Read more
In 1998 verdwenen de extreem-rechtse partijen van het politieke toneel omdat bijna alle zetels verloren gingen. Bíjna alle, want in twee steden wist extreem-rechts zich te handhaven. In Schiedam mocht CD’er Ad Bierhuizen zijn nietszeggende aanwezigheid met vier jaar verlengen en in Utrecht werd Wim Vreeswijk voor de vijfde keer op rij herkozen. Wim (Willem… Read more
From mid-seventies, the villa of the widow Florentine Rost van Tonningen Velp a place where old and young Nazis gather in living-room. It comes early eighties Consortium The Tree of Life continues. The organization is from 1981 active, but only gets in 1984 an official status in the form of a… Read more
Some time before the municipal elections 1998 Some active fascists began discussions on the future of the extreme right in the Netherlands. Involved included the People's Nationalists Netherlands (VNN), some CD'ers and Outpost. Wim Vreeswijk of Dutch Block was just the party. On the one hand expecting a severe loss in elections and… Read more
The candidate of the CD in South Holland gives a hurry familiar image: Janmaat as Lijstduwer and beyond all people who walk around for some time with the CD. That it is now incumbent parliamentarian Pieter de Jong no candidate has undoubtedly something with his age (82 jaar) to make. The list includes eleven candidates, two… Read more
The CD is in Gelderland a list of ten candidates. Because four of them do not give written consent to their application they are removed from the list. Of the six remaining candidates for this, three were still unknown as CD'er and walk the other three a little longer at the party around. It finds… Read more
The list includes twelve candidates, most of whom have long walk around with the CD. Remarkably, the current parliamentarian Wim Elst Wood from Haarlem is in second place. The region Kennemerland represents the strongest on the list. This probably has something to do with the circle of success Haarlem. Haarlem… Read more
In 1980 begins Egbert Perée (1924) his extreme right career at the far right 'Referendum Netherlands ". This is a group that is primarily concerned with the ending of consultation evenings and sending letters to the editor. Referendum Netherlands has only one message: 'Foreigners Out!’. As contact address Perée uses the mailbox of the National Party Netherlands, a precursor… Read more
Establishment In 1992 take a number of Dutch right-wing parties to participate in a series of merger meetings led by Vlaams Blok leader Filip de Winter. If this attempted merger would succeed should be called the Dutch Party Block. Alfred Vierling, Ton However Steemers and Hans Lindenburg make this plan impossible in August 1992 a new… Read more
Establishment in October 1984 be Janmaat and a number of supporters after internal quarrels of the Centre Party (CP) put. In November, a number of them the Party Centre Democrats (CD) Founded. Janmaat is also a member of this party. Initially Janmaat is not in the board, but a year later he pulls all… Read more
Prosper Joannes Antonius Gerardus Ego on 17 juli 1927 born. He is founder and until now president of the Veterans Legion (OSL), one of the most successful far-right organizations in the Netherlands. Ego's life is dominated by anti-communism. With his penchant for authoritarian forms of governance, ethnocentrism and his aversion to anything with… Read more
Wim Elsthout, the Crown Prince of Janmaat, has been running for quite a while in the CD. Occasionally he featured in the 'flashy’ verkiezingsspotjes en in december 1997 he is the third member of each CD after Cor Zonneveld deceased. Behind the scenes, he is very active for the CD. He sits… Read more
After the local elections of March municipal anti-fascists took a sigh of relief. Here and there, there was even a pronounced jubilant: Extreme right won two seats at 88 in 1984. Utrecht remains Wim Vreeswijk keep behalf Dutch Block seat on the city council and in Schiedam Ad Beerhouses returns for a second term of office back. Were further… Read more
Tibor Rudolf Mudde was on 23 februari 1965 born in Amsterdam. He has long been one of the most important figures within the extreme right in the Netherlands. As a teenager, he becomes involved in the extreme right circuit and he is a member of the Dutch People's Union. In 1985 he is on the mailing list of the Consortium of the Tree of Life… Read more
The best minds in the Netherlands will talk about developments in their field this summer. This week Cas Mudde (54). He has been studying the radical right all his working life. “We started talking as if the radical right were the people.”
The international character of the corona pandemic offers the extreme right in Europe an opportunity to grow. The Netherlands seems to have gotten away with it. ,,We are not Poland or Germany. ""
While Black Lives Matter puts the topic of racism back on the map worldwide, will be Kerwin Lucas tomorrow in Amsterdam (Duinmeijer) commemorated. The Antillean teenager became 37 stabbed to death by a skinhead years ago. He is the first victim of racial violence in the Netherlands after the Second World War.
Informant extreme right. Richard Prein was not only the right hand of NCE leader Constant Kusters, but he was also an informer of the police. This is his story.
where radical- and right-wing activists found themselves twenty years in social isolation, that anno 2020 no longer the case, writes Nikki Sterkenburg, which promotes this topic. With a new look and customized message, get their views even parliament. "We've just gotten right."
"Newcomers to our own", says right-wing extremist Constant Kusters just after the birth of his son in the documentary our Motherland. Newcomers from outside our borders, there he is against.
Three years was director Shamira Raphaëla (37) situated in the hole of the lion. For her latest VPRO documentary our Motherland she followed Constant Kusters life, the leader of the extreme-right political party, the Dutch People's Union.
It might seem that director Shamira Raphaëla and the leader of the Dutch People's Union, Constant Kusters, protagonist's documentary Raphaëla motherland, are in complete agreement: 'The people' it up no longer.
Extreme right terrorism. The terror call the assassin in the New Zealand Christchurch is translated. The "aggressive internet discourse can inspire according to the NCTV singletons to copycat behavior.
Young Dutch immigrant background show how the public debate has changed in recent decades. Politicians normalize xenophobia, newspapers contribute to a negative image of Muslims and social media raining racist comments. Having brought their own data research De Groene Amsterdammer the shift map.
It remains a struggle: how journalism should deal with right-wing agitators who deliberately seek out the edge of the permissible? Not by giving them indiscriminately stage, anyway.
Op 18 march in Amsterdam will be a demonstration against the rise of far-right parties in the Dutch local elections. In late January sent the Forum for Democracy tweet, they left parties accused to the debate out of the way and to conclude a far-left alliance sample including anti-fascists (Antifa).1 After a public debate of a few days decided to pull various parties withdrew from the initiative.
However, it was the Animal party who took the first decision. The Amsterdam party leader Johnas Lambs tweeted that the PvdD against racism, but will not protest against legitimate democratic parties.2
Want Schuurman, the widow of the far-right politician Hans Janmaat, believes that Geert Wilders has gone too far with his "less Marokkanen' rulings.
A 'youthful' brings history teacher Michel Letteboer Almelo in big trouble. So now he is looking for publicity, to tell the true story. Want: "I'm not a Nazi teacher and I am not a right-wing extremist."
Edwin Wagensveld order a Radler. It's late and Pegida foreman has more to do tonight. When he is home soon, an hour drive from this Erfurt hotel lobby, He goes to work on the speech he will say a day later in Dresden. Seven A4 pages on the Dutch and German identity. And how they succumb to the Muslims engulf Europe.
The demonstration against the arrival of asylum seekers in Utrecht Saturday afternoon at Lucas Bolwerk quietly expired. Pegida frontman Edwin Wagensveld prematurely left the meeting, when Constant Kusters (NVU) spoke up. A group of left-wing counter-demonstrators chanted slogans. No arrests were made.
The extreme right-wing publicist Joost Niemöller talks about his book "The Terrible Janmaat’ At the Forum voor Democratie in Amsterdam.
The extreme right-wing journalist Joost Niemöller from Amsterdam a book launch in Wassenaar for the book that he Hans Janmaat of the CD en CP has written. As a veteran of the CP-is time Henry Brookman hereby present as speaker.
A private reading of PVV-supporters in the Provincial House of Den Bosch. here speaks Joost Niemöller on immigration, Hans Janmaat in the PVV.
This thesis concerns the international contacts of the Centrumdemocraten and how the leader of the radical right party influenced the international contacts. I thought of the topic due to my interest in political leadership and the radical right. I had read a lot about the international contacts of the current day radical right and was wondering if the radical right formed a transnational network in the past. This precise topic was not one I had looked into during my bachelor’s and master’s degree. I did study a wide breadth of topics. This included courses on neoliberalism, energy transitions, in and out groups in societies, formations of states and political leadership. However political leadership and the radical right have been the most interesting topics to me.
What does the extreme right there today from, How do the different groups relate to each other and which ideologies hide behind? Where members meet each other, how they interact and what strategies they use to disseminate their ideas and ideals? What nuances and caveats here are placing?
The NCTV published over the right-wing extremist violence threat since the first appearance of the Terrorist Threat Assessment Netherlands (DTN) in 2005. It is widely considered
threat to all developments which could potentially lead to terrorist violence. The history, but also the actuality, showed that terrorist violence is not confined to
jihadisme. In the National Counterterrorism Strategy 2016-2020 states that right-wing extremism, the attention of the NCTV.1 The right-wing extremism nevertheless became the
imaging is often obscured by the Jihadism. This is largely understandable because the jihadist threat of violence, in any case in the Netherlands, the last decade
determining factor has been the threat of terrorism.
The NCTV also published for this reason in recent years, several studies phenomenon in terms of Jihadism (For example, "Minors at ISIS 'from 2017). New domestic and international events and developments in the field of right-wing extremism and right-terrorism cause the phenomenon has gained in recent years of relevance to the threat.
Wilders says what they think. But what do they exactly? And how come they do so?
There is often talk about them, but rarely with them: supporters of Geert Wilders' Freedom Party. In this book Koen Damhuis delves into the life of PVV voters he interviewed for his thesis. Not to criticize them or to idealize, but to understand what a great - moving part of the Dutch population policy - and still growing. The result is at times poignant, often surprising, but especially enlightening. So let this book is not only how diverse the PVV, but also what binds these citizens.
Before you is the first update of the 'fact sheet far right Dutch municipalities', in which a current picture sketched by the extreme right-wing organizations active in the Netherlands. This fact sheet should provide insight into the extent, Geographically, significance and moved- ment in violent incidents of various right-wing extremist organizations in the Netherlands. The composition of the list of organizations and the presented facts about these organizations verza- mentioned in the context of the Monitor Project Racisme, Anti-Semitism and extreme right violence in the Netherlands . The choice to take certain organizations do and not to follow the defnition and demarcation applicable within that project. This fact sheet is Social Stability commissioned by the Expertise Unit (ESS) written by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment. about appliances- responsibility for the content lies with the author.
Issues of immigration and the integration of foreigners have become topics of heated debate in the public and political arena in modern European democracies. According to Koopmans and colleagues (2005: 3) ‘immigration and ethnic relations (…) constitute since the early 1990s the most prominent and controversial fields of political contention in West European polities’. Parallel to this development, support for anti-immigration parties has increased in several Western European countries. Examples are the French National Front, the Austrian Freedom Party and the Flemish Bloc (since 2004 Flemish Interest) in Belgium. The Netherlands is an interesting case in the European context, because the right-wing populist challenge was rather ‘slow in coming’ (Kriesi et al. 2006: 163). A significant electoral performance of the far-right did not take place until 2002 and it had also failed to make any significant impact on the public debate until relatively recently. The Netherlands was therefore for long considered a ‘deviant case’ (Rydgren and Van Holsteyn 2004), just like for example Sweden, as the country met most conditions that according to established theories explain the emergence of far-right parties elsewhere, but these parties still remained relatively unsuccessful.
In the public discourse dominating the Netherlands after 1945, anti-Semitism and racism – two of the basic elements of (“classical”) right-wing extremism – have tended to be seen as uncharacteristic of Dutch society.1According to many experts, this is attributed to Dutch experiences in the Second World War, as the Netherlands saw the largest percentage of national Jewish populations in Europe killed, after Poland. A guilt complex related to Dutch behaviour during the War has led to what is often called “the basic consensus” on what is “bad” and “good” in Dutch society.
Imagine a pamphlet announcing that the “Muslim Fifth Column is taking over Europe. We will soon be living in Eurabia under sharia law.” Or imagine a pamphlet saying that the “world conspiracy of Jews, this dirty vermin that keeps on returning to pollute our societies, has taken control of the banks and industry again.” In the Netherlands, both pamphlets would provoke public outcry against the authors, since the year is 1989 and we have just stepped out of our time machine to witness the ensuing protest marches and the imminent arrest of the neo-Nazis who distributed these pamphlets. Those were the good old days when the extreme right was small, when mainstream racism and anti-Semitism did not openly exist, and any word or sign of discrimination was immediately attacked by anti-racists, anti-fascist groups and all loyal democrats. In those days, support for the rights of economic immigrants, or guest workers, as they were called back then, was the norm and not the exception. In Western Europe everybody on the left side of the political spectrum had faith in a future of equality and freedom from discrimination, while those on the right who kept silent were branded as racists, or at least apologists. During the 1980s, anti-racist and anti-fascist groups built up considerable popular support, to the extent that anti-racism in the Netherlands became the norm and any dissenting voice was immediately labelled racist or fascist.
Until a few years ago, little was known about radicalization in the municipality
Rotterdam. In 2005 Joining the program starts or Get Left Behind; Rotterdam
action against radicalization (paying special attention has shifted
on Islamic radicalization). Simultaneously start a central information: Switching the Information Radicalization (ISPR)1. This information point will - in addition to the police
also information and intelligence on extremism and radicalization in the region gathers
- signs of radicalization and extremism together from municipal services,
parishes, affiliated with the government institutions and front line workers.
is extremely right for the municipalities within the Rotterdam-Rijnmond region not
a new phenomenon. The ISPR brings an annual report with a date
picture of the nature and extent of radicalization, including the extreme right.
The problem of racist and extremist manifestations among young people has about 2004 and especially after the murder of Theo van Gogh - 2 november 2004 - Boomed. Ook in 2005 have called 'Lonsdale youth' almost daily in the media interest gestaan.1 Often the attention was given to interethnic confrontaties.2 This form of violence in the period 2002 tot 2006 increased steadily and this was due largely to the rising phenomenon of 'Lonsdale youth'. has tried various sides to the issue of extreme right
youth cope.
Fortuyn's famous slogan "I say what I think" has not in recent years
only gained widespread imitation, but also led to fierce discussions
about the limits of freedom of expression. Begin 2006, during
global outcry over the Danish Mohammed cartoons', pleaded vvd-
MP Ayaan Hirsi Ali for "the right to beledigen'.1 A Danish
prints was an image of the Prophet Mohammed with a turban in
the shape of a bomb with lit fuse. This cartoon was shown 2008
a starring role in the film Wilders, Fitna, which already has also led to
heated discussions about the limits of freedom of expression. Now That
which borders have shifted and that more can be said than before
seems clear. A striking example is the uproar over the
police raid in May 2008 a Dutch cartoonist 'Gregory
Shot in the neck "which for years has been criticized Islam. The Arrest
the cartoonist, who was suspected of the prohibitions on discrimination
to have violated, aroused great public and political outrage.
Cartoons should be able to, as was widely argued, regardless of
their content. The question of where the limits of free expression than
it should be, remained in the background. However, in discussions
in recent years increasingly argued that the border should
be drawn at inciting violence.
But, as others say, without inciting violence large
harm be done, because the expanded freedoms of expression
influence on the occurrence of intolerance and discrimination. As argument
for this position are indications for a relatively high level
Islamophobia cited in Netherlands. From a survey showed
that more than half of the Dutch, non-Muslim school age
fourteen- to sixteen year olds are negative relative
of moslims.2 As one of the causes is negative image
genoemd: "Negative stereotypes of Muslims and negative clichés
of islam, negative messages from parents and best friend
about Muslims and Islam, and the belief that Muslims are a threat
types for security an important effect on the attitude '.
Read more in the monitor
3.1 Extreme right
Extreme right in the Netherlands carries out anti-democratic attitudes and opposes the influx and integration of immigrants into Dutch society. At the moment, extreme right in the Netherlands is unable to be considered the continued existence of the democratic legal to threaten seriously. Remain extreme right actions harmful to inter-ethnic relations within the Dutch society. This section discusses the various extreme right-wing movements addressed and discusses the links between extreme right and the LPF / Liveable Flow.
3.1.1 Currents
The AIVD distinguishes roughly three streams within the extreme right. First, there are the representatives of the so-called civil extreme right '. They honor xenophobic and ultranationalist views, but have conformed to democratic mores, partly forced by the courts and public opinion. The neo-Nazi organizations are a second form. They argue openly anti-democratic and racist and are also likely to achieve their goals by illegal means. Thirdly, there are unorganized groups of individuals and subcultures, which in many different ways and may or may not politically motivated, engaged in the propagation of an extreme right-wing or racist message. The latter could include the commission of racist violence, extreme right-wing statements on the Internet or distributing sound recordings discriminatory or racist texts.
Read more in the annual report
In the fifth reporting Monitoring racism and the extreme right are the years 2001 and - where possible - 2002 central. The attacks on the United States 11 september 2001 and the murder of Pim Fortuyn 6 May 2002 have had a significant impact on the overall picture of this reporting period. Both events have left deep marks on the interethnic relations in the Netherlands. These traces can be found in the fifth reporting. It is questions like: increases or decreases the number of racist violence in Netherlands? Which right-wing political parties have disappeared and which come in its place? The number of discrimination cases that reaches the public prosecutor or decreases? And what be provided there for business and to what extent that lead to convictions? The initiative for the project Monitoring racism and the extreme right is the mid-nineties taken by the Leiden University. The monitoring project is now jointly conducted by Leiden University and the Anne Frank. This report was made possible with support from the Management Integration and Coordination Minorities of the Ministry of Justice.
Read more in the monitor
2.1 Extreme right
Wing extremist groups often carry an undemocratic ideology and committed xenophobic or even racist manner against the presence of foreigners in Netherlands. The extreme right-wing political organizations and movements in the Netherlands are closely divided and sometimes hold very different ideologies after.
Yet roughly to make a distinction between two extreme right direction. First, there is the so-called civil extreme right ', whose representatives preach ultra-nationalist and xenophobic ideas. Of a different order are the more radical 'neo-Nazi' groups, which unadulterated anti-democratic and racist attitudes honor.
The civil extreme right-wing parties and organizations have this year managed to recover from the blows electoral and organizational malaise which they had to face the previous years. Although not officially confirmed, Block consists Dutch (NB) since the loss of the only seat in the Utrecht city council 1998 not anymore. Also, former political leader of the Centre Democrats Janmaat (CD) several times publicly stated that he sees little future more in a return to politics. Since the CD has barely framework, The CD seems finally on the wane.
Read more in the annual report
Is there in our country evidence of increasing or decreasing racial violence? How is it with the tolerance in the Netherlands? Has the local policy against discrimination catering success or keep the number of complaints? To answer these questions it is important that research is conducted to periodically monitor the manifestations of racial discrimination and extreme right. This interest is mid-nineties recognized by the University of Leiden and there is the project Monitoring racism and the extreme right developed. Currently the project is implemented by the Leiden University in cooperation with the Anne Frank Foundation and with support from the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations. Research Monitor is an internationally recognized tool for the detection of racism and discrimination, and developing policies against. In 1999 was in Vienna the European Monitoring Centre on Racism
Xenophobia and start. The Vienna Observatory seeks to follow developments in the European Union and analyzed using national monitoring centers. The project Monitoring racism and the extreme right is an important source for the supply of data to the European Monitoring Centre. In the European Directive 29 juni 2000 equal treatment of persons on the grounds of racial or ethnic origin is also included a monitor provision: after the conclusion of the national regulatory (physical appearance) 2003 shall, with effect from 2005 every five years report to be done on the effectiveness of those national measures.
Read more in the monitor
With extreme right parties in government in Austria and Italy, and Jean-Marie Le Pen contesting the run-off in the 2002 presidential elections in France, few people will dispute their continuing relevance in the politics of Western Europe. Indeed, ever since the first small electoral successes of parties like the Centrumpartij in the Netherlands or the Front National in France in the early 1980s, the extreme right has been the most discussed group of parties both in and outside of the scholarly community. Thousands of newspaper articles and hundreds of pieces of scholarly work have been devoted to extreme right parties, predominantly describing their history, leaders or electoral successes, as well as proclaiming their danger. Remarkably little serious attention has been devoted to their ideology, however. This aspect of the extreme right has been considered to be known to everyone. The few scholars that did devote attention to the ideology of the contemporary extreme right parties have primarily been concerned with pointing out similarities with the fascist and National Socialist ideologies of the pre-war period. If the similarities were not found, this was often taken as ‘proof ’ that the extreme right hides its (true) ideologies, rather than as a motivation to look in a different direction.
The Extreme Right has always been weak and fragmented in the Netherlands. It lacked an
ideological tradition as well as a solid social base. A landowning aristocracy no longer played
a significant role in Dutch politics in the nineteenth century – power had shifted to a patrician
bourgeoisie already in the Dutch Republic (1588-1795). Moreover, the Dutch did not have to
deal with a national question that could have given rise to a nationalist movement with
extremist tendencies. It is true, reactionary anti-democratic forces did emerge in the late
nineteenth century, but they were divided between Liberal, Catholic and Calvinist parties.
Only has survived until today, the Reformed State Party (Reformed Political Party ,
SGP). This party has come to accept democracy in practice, but not in theory. It would like to
replace universal suffrage by ‘organic suffrage’, I.E. give the right to vote only to (male)
heads of households.3 However, it is not a nationalist, racist or xenophobic party.4 Since 1925
it has occupied two or three seats in parliament.
How intolerant towards native Dutch immigrants? Almost
25 year assesses the Social and Cultural Planning Office (SCP) public opinion on
immigrants and publishes regularly about. In the late eighties, early
ninety we see a slight hardening of the climate of opinion, but according to the
SCP there are generally few changes. Just About 80% of the
population thinks that natives and immigrants should have equal treatment
have at distribution issues, such as housing and employment.
Just About 13% of the indigenous population rejects
immigrants. Just About 50% of the indigenous population is against immigration
opposed.
Regarding this last NIPO found in 1998 a different outcome:1 not
half, but three-quarters of the native Dutch against further
Immigration opposed. There is - according to the NIPO - a growing support for
immigration restrictions while confidence in integration and
adjustment of immigrants decreases. NIPO found this trend going on
Polls in the years 1993, 1995 en 1998.
Eind 1999 showed another NIPO survey, one third of the Dutch
opposes the granting of asylum to political or economic
vluchtelingen.2 thirds of the Dutch have supported policies
government for political refugees who fear for their own country
their lives to give asylum. About half of the respondents felt that
seekers give nuisance. Further thought about forty percent that asylum seekers
on average, are more criminal than Dutch.
Read more in the monitor
The Dutch National Security Service (BVD) finds in his
Annual Report July that extreme right-wing organizations in the Netherlands in meaning
decrease. The loss of the extreme right-wing parties in the municipal- en
Parliamentary elections in March and May are an expression of. There are in
Netherlands more than fifty organized neo-Nazis. In recent years, were
that more than one hundred.
The far-right parties in the municipal elections of March 1998
lose virtually all of their seats. In Rotterdam-Schiedam preserve Center
Democrats (CD) 1 seat and one seat in Utrecht goes to Dutch Block.
The extreme right had 88 seats: 78 for the CD, 9 and for CP'86 1 for the
Nederlands Blok.
In the parliamentary elections of May 1998 lose their extreme right
main representation, nl. the three seats the
Centrumdemocraten.
In the Leiden University does Jaap van Donselaar investigating extreme right.
He cites several reasons for the loss of the extreme right.
Important is the changed electoral law. For the first time, each party 570
signatures required scattered throughout the country to join in all constituencies
to be able to do.
Read more in the Annual Review
This is the second report of the project Monitoring racism and the extreme right, that was commissioned by the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations. The monitoring project has two main objectives:
1. monitor racism and the extreme right: the observation of these phenomena in the Netherlands, as well as the government response to these phenomena; periodic reporting, in two ways:
(a) 'General report': a general reporting on the basis of a fixed pattern;
(b) a floor battle ': reporting to a special subject is exposed.
2. The periodicity of the project means that displays a general report in one year and the other a 'floor battle'. The first report of 1997 was a general, which involves a broad picture of the phenomena of racism and the extreme right in the Netherlands, as well as government responses. Also those of the coming year (1999) a general report will be. This present second report is devoted to a special’ subject matter: the relationship between the media and also racism and the extreme right.
Read more in the monitor
The far-right parties lose at the municipal
maart 1998 almost all their seats. Rotterdam reserves the CD 1 Headquarters and
Utrecht is one seat to Dutch Block. From Centrumdemocraten
Attractions 25 municipalities participate in municipal elections. In 1994 did
de CD in 45 municipalities, and then took 77 seats. These seats were not
all occupied; moreover lost in that period the CD also seats because members
switched to other parties or founded their own group.
Although the political power of the extreme right is negligible, do
several members of the parties in 1977 to speak. Still
it is mainly the foreigners who suffer. Occasionally there are
anti-Semitic statements made. Because extreme right Nazi ideology
wants to convey, A number of issues still included below.
Disturbing is the use of the Internet by far-right groups in
Abroad. In the Netherlands, racist remarks are indeed prohibited,
but as long as that in other countries is also the case, it is difficult to
foreign sites, which foreign racists offer their "stuff", op
act.
One of the people from this angle that does not mince words, is
Constant Kusters. CIDI put a number of criminal cases against him in motion.
Read more in the annual report
This is the first report of the project Monitoring racism and the extreme right that was commissioned by the Ministry of the Interior. Under 'racism’ are also understood: antisemitisme, rasvooroordeel, Xenophobia, xenophobia en rasdiscriminatie. The monitor works are not exclusively focused on racist, but also to combat these phenomena.
The project has two objectives:
1. Permanent monitoring of racism and anti-racism
2. periodic reporting on the key findings
The utility of periodic reporting has many. Annually took stock based on a fixed pattern of the main manifestations of racism and right-wing extremism, and the development of strategies to combat. The reports can contribute by their systematic and periodic character of accumulation of knowledge and insights. It provides insight into developments that occur in the longer term. This applies not only to the past period but also the future.
The monitor can contribute to early identification of relevant, new developments.
The overall research question is:
1. How are expressions of (racist) right-wing extremism (in Nederland) developed?
2. which patterns of response have been there?
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The main far-right parties are still in parliament
represented councils Centre Democrats (CD) in CP'86, die
only represented in municipal councils. After years of silence had this year
The Dutch People's Union (NVU) hear again from him. In a CP'86
rupture may result. The CD and CP'86 have considered merging some time.
Within CP'86 creating a schism. Throughout the year there are over
arrests of extreme right supporters because of disturbances,
violence, participating in banned demonstrations and theft. Thereunder
was also the assistant of the CD in the House, C. Rietveld. In
Rotterdam has been disagreement about the use of their CP'86
fractiekamer.
Read more in jaroverzicht
The Dutch party system has always been fragmented and rich in variety. The
Extreme Right has suffered from fragmentation and pillarization, too. Though
it has gained some ground in recent years, it seems still weak in comparison
with its German, French or Italian counterparts. When discussing its prospects
for the future, we must distinguish between the three varieties of right-wing
extremism th at exist in the Netherlands at present:
IV. ANTI-DEMOCRATIC CURRENTS
RECHTS-EXTREMISME IN WEST-EUROPA
The extreme right in Western Europe is progressing faster than science can keep. An investigative committee of the European parliament concluded in 1986 even those of the extreme right as yet nothing to fear fell. In the meantime, for example, by the
Republicans in the Federal Republic and the Front National in France achieved results that have met these parties permanently from the political margins; according to political scientists both parties account for some 10 tot 12 percent of the electorate. Also in the Netherlands in the last elections for House of Representatives and local councils has become a trend reflecting growing appreciation of extreme right-wing political views, for example, Centre Democrats and the Centre Party '86. Janmaat could with 0,9% of the vote to return to the Chamber while his party a new peak in March of this year reached when could be seized 11 council seats, wherein in some cases up to 6% the vote was taken.
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Success for the Centre Democrats (CD) .
By obtaining a seat in the parliamentary elections on 6 September 1989, have the Centre Democrats (CD) with captain Drs list. H.JANMAAT a milestone in the steady rise of the party.
De in juni 1989 European Elections were held with more than 31.000 on the votes cast CD, janmaat already shown that the battle had finally favor of the right-wing voter beating the rival Centre Party '86. The advance of the CD continued since then and eventually resulted in more than 81.000 stemmen (0.9% of the total) During the parliamentary elections. As before, the CD also now booked again the most electoral success in the big cities, whereby in Rotterdam net 3,4% of the votes cast, the highest score.
In light of the relentless negative publicity surrounding the CD and the rather amateurish campaign, characterized additionally filed by civil court proceedings by opponents, is to capture a Lower House seat by janmaat noteworthy.
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Right-wing extremism
In the Netherlands, several extreme right-wing or right-wing extremist groups active, which must be distinguished from the way they manifest themselves politically and to the basic principles that lie behind this policy.
The Consortium The Tree of Life
The function, which the Consortium has assumed is to act within the Dutch National Socialist political spectrum as a kind of Roman Curia. However, because of the divisions within the extreme Right Netherlands, the Consortium this function up to now can not deliver. The leading figures of the Viking Youth in early 1985 Viking Youth lifted to play the role of the youth organization of the Consortium.
However, the movement Youth Consortium has not got off the ground. Up to now
still appear monthly 400 copies of the blade “Manuscripts” The Consortium. Due to lack of money is the limited influence of Mrs. ROST
Tonningen still had further decline within the right-wing extremist political spectrum. Meanwhile, try some “jongeren” again the Viking Youth set up as an independent organization.
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Right-wing extremism
The Centre Party
After the departure of Drs H. Janmaat from the Centre Party was found, that the situation within the party was characterized by inactivity. In de periode oktober-december 1984 has both the leadership and the members a reconsideration and inventory of the Centre Party of prospects occurred. It now pays attention to the new face of the party, because they want to get rid of tactical considerations of the single-issue image of immigrants- issues.
When the CP is currently under the training of the future framework and to
Internal structuurvorming- en uitbouw van de partij. By joining forces are also working in the elections for the Lower House 1986. The outcome of this one is optimistic, though there are also wrangling over the details of the
candidates.
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Right-wing extremism
In the right-wing extremist atmosphere drew in the Netherlands during the past year, especially the Center Party's attention. Indeed, that did not mean that other groups are jurists have supported inactive during this period.
The following contribution is made report in summary form of the conduct of these organizations.
The Viking Youth
During mid-October 1983 held private conference of the Viking Youth Association argued Leader Chris Q ” now that 1983 had been a relatively quiet year for the Viking Youth. A year in which was working on the composition of a reliable framework and a sound financial basis. These principles were realized – said Q – a
good foundation for the further expansion of the Viking Youth. He cried 1984 therefore out of action until the year of the Vikings and unfolded a plan the campaign, whose monthly leaflet actions, organizing initiatives, regional meetings and to organize equestrian- and sailing camps were the main constituents.
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DE CENTRUMPARTIJ
Center democrats or democratic centralist?
The Centre Party has opted for a more militant course where party discipline is called a prerequisite. In the recent power struggle by both the moderate and the radical wing has used many (on)actual arguments in order the
opposition to disable.
Developments within the CP appear reached a crucial stage regarding whether or not further antidemocratic opsteIling. The conflict, that forms the basis of the current power struggle, lies not so much in the political field, but rather on the grounds of the personal differences between the Member of Parliament and the party janmaat KONST. The party can be described as an idealist, that its own position
within the party is of secondary importance to the eight party interest.
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Right-wing extremism
The Centre Party
Four years after its creation, the Centre Party seems especially considering the prosperous-looking election forecasts gradually to gain a foothold in the Dutch political system. That this growth is not without snags goes especially evident from the internal conflicts within the party. The assertion that the Centre Party to its own division will go down at this stage, however, is too far-reaching assertion; that the growth process as a result of the lack of the necessary homogeneity will be hampered, however, is almost fixed.
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THE CENTRE PARTY IN RISE
The municipal elections in Almere have seen some remarkable results given, In the first place the profits of the Centre Party which profit only difficult but can be attributed to its position on the immigration policy. The CP-profit has a lot of responses, provoked allegations and speculations. Some commentators speak of a similar situation as in the thirties (attendance NSB) or draw a comparison with the heyday of the Peasant Party. What is the level of similarities and differences?
History Center Party (CP)
The forerunner of the Centre Party, the National Centre Party (NCP) in December 1979 Amsterdam founded as a new political organization alongside the National Party Netherlands (NPN). The creation of the National Centre Party was partly a
due to the refusal of the mayor of The Hague – two occasions, namely on 24 november in 8 december 1979 – the NPN to grant a demonstration permit. The applications were rejected on the basis of the judgment, that this party would be a fascist and racist organization. This view was also aired in the media, which prompted several groups to send letters of protest against the demonstration.
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Right-wing extremism
The Centre Party is on 8 september jl. managed to gain a seat in parliament. Meanwhile, the Hague political scientist and lecturer in social studies Janmaat on Thursday 16 September as the member of parliament sworn in. Thereby it has the right extremism been introduced in parliament?
Compared with the results of previous elections trembles CP experienced a strong growth. At the parliamentary elections of 1981 received the CP 12.189 stemmen , a year later, in the municipal elections, they earned in the four major cities about the same number. The recent elections gave more than a five-fold increase in
vote to see mental, nl. 68.363, which Rotterdam with over 12.000 voters gave a very noticeable share.
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Dutch People's Union (NVU)
The NCE will participate for the second time in its existence to the parliamentary elections. In 1977 the People's Union participated under the motto: “For a white Netherlands”. When the election was not without problems. NCE seven members, including party leader JOOP GLIMMERVEEN warden to 14 days imprisonment sentenced in respect to the distribution of pamphlets just a Turkish guest workers and Surinamese offensive text. Despite much negative publicity the People's Union did during the elections gelding 33.000 vote to win, which were mostly released in major cities.
Since 1977 is changed very little with respect to the NCE, be it that the party in 1978 was allegedly banned by the court in Amsterdam. This forbidden character, however, the People's Union and its members no legal consequences, so certain the Supreme Court 1979, because the court also rejected a claim for dissolution of the NCE.
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