In this article we discuss the far-right activist Paul Peters. Peters is interessant, because he is important in the extreme right because of his long career – he is in his own words more than fifteen years in the world -, that whole period has been very active and of great significance for all kinds of organizations. But above… Read more
The extreme right and weapons, that seems a particularly unfortunate, if not lethal combination. Especially now that the Norwegian mass murderer Anders Breivik and the German serial killers Nationalsozialistische Untergrund (NSU) show where armed right-wing extremists are capable. Yet the Dutch government seems to be in the form of police and AIVD the possession of weapons of Dutch right-wing extremists… Read more
Three years ago, in may 2005, led a small group of right-wing extremists for solid tumult in Zoetermeer. The municipality thought with a group to make innocent troubled to have, but was with her nose pressed hard on the facts. She showed a group of neo-Nazi skinheads to have within the limits, the Soetermeer Skinhead Front. In september… Read more
All of the Dutch action group Outpost celebrates its thirty-first birthday. In 1976 Outpost was founded in Flanders. It was a product of a troubled period in the Flemish nationalist movement. Moderates and radicals flew together in that period firmly in the hair. That produced a number of new far-right organizations, including a new game, Vlaams… Read more
Five October by the court in Dordrecht condemned a number of neo-Nazis for attempted manslaughter, aggravated assault and inciting hatred and discrimination. Regrets the absence. Political friends of the perpetrators started a solidarity campaign. In de nacht van 19 op 20 May visited Michael Krick, Stefan Verkooyen, Exp, Robbie… Read more
De Nederlandse Volksunie (NVU) takes in five municipalities in the elections. No sooner did the National Socialist Party in so many places along. A growth in the NCE is no question, however,. National Socialism, the NCE is an outspoken extremist party. Strict rassenwetten, anti-Semitism and a National Socialist unit is part of the philosophy of… Read more
New Right is like most extreme right-wing parties in the Netherlands originated from a quarrel and a split of another party. As Michiel Smit in 2003 put out Liveable Rotterdam, Partly because of his ongoing contacts with the Vlaams Blok and the NNP. It soon becomes apparent that the sole fraction Smit pretends a… Read more
In 1999 did the Centre Democrats Janmaat last part in the elections. In the provincial elections, they lost all their seats in that year. A few months later the CD tried again during the European elections, but that was a fiasco from. A year earlier the… Read more
One of the many communities that have been confronted in recent years with the phenomenon Lonsdale youth was Zoetermeer. However, the size, development and the role of city government thereby fell so out of tune that now there is a strong group of radicalized Nazi youth: the Soetermeer Skinhead Front (SSF). On the roots… Read more
Behind the scenes of Venray It is early April 2005 and the North Limburg town of Venray gets his five minutes of fame. On a Saturday afternoon, a group of young people waiting for the start of a Hardcore Party. From this group,, assaults a number located on the Turkish mosque. In response, a group of Turkish youths opposes… Read more
Mid nineties were cronies hot news. Loud music, garish clothing, the large quantities of drugs, but especially the popularity of the subculture created great media interest. The publications were often about the negative character of the scene: the drug use, but also Gabbers of the alleged right-wing ideas. After the murder of Theo van Gogh… Read more
Eindhoven, in het zuidoosten van Nederland, is al sinds jaren een plaats die veel extreem-rechts activisme kent. Begin jaren 90 was er in heel Nederland sprake van gestructureerde activiteiten van nazi-skinheads. Een van de actiefste groepen bevond zich toen in Eindhoven. Maar sinds de teruggang van extreem-rechts, vanaf 1998, Eindhoven is an odd… Read more
Late January 2004 made the Amsterdam Wim Beaux known to leave the New National Party and he joined the NNP-splitting “Nationale Alliantie”. This Beaux began his fifth extreme-right party since he 1980 became a member of the Center Party. In this 23 jaar is Fine’ political career all but gone about roses. Shortly after… Read more
Op 11 September, unfolds a bizarre spectacle at the statue of Pim Fortuyn in Rotterdam. There gathers a group of people for a demonstrative procession to the 11 commemorate September attacks in America. The organizing committee particularly wants to commemorate the Dutch victims and expresses its concern about Muslim organizations in the Netherlands… Read more
Eighteen months ago, appeared in one of the corners of the Internet an unsightly website titled Werewolf Netherlands. The site with information about enemies of National Socialism, was an initiative of the Action Front National Socialists (ANS): “This site is to inform political soldiers about their enemies (…) Werwolf netherlands is a part of… Read more
Dit keer nemen we geen kaderlid, geen leidinggevend figuur maar een ouderwetse straatactivist onder de loep, maar wel een bijzondere: Ben van der Kooi. Hij is 29 jaar oud en vanaf 2000 actief in het extreem-rechtse circuit. Van der Kooi zet zich in voor elke organisatie die hij als radicaal-rechts beschouwt: de Nieuwe Nationale Partij… Read more
Na de totaal mislukte verkiezingsdeelname aan de gemeenteraadsverkiezingen in 2002 tried the Dutch People's Union (NVU) ook dit jaar weer voldoende stemmen te krijgen voor een politiek podium. De partij deed op 11 maart mee aan de Provinciale Statenverkiezingen in Gelderland. Met ruim 1500 stemmen (0,2%) behaalde de partij precies voldoende steun voor 0,15 zetel. De… Read more
Just three months after the installation of the government Balkenende is the chaos within the second ruling party, The LPF, incalculable more. All kinds of different arguments and conflicts plaguing the party. One of the conflicts takes place within the Kamerfractie: The chairman Wijnschenk with his faithful can no longer through one door with Winny de Jong… Read more
Het is 1996. In Nederland kan niemand om Gabberhouse heen, het is dé rage van het moment. Overal in Nederland, maar vooral in Rotterdam wordt de jeugdcultuur gedomineerd door liefhebbers van deze keiharde muziek met razendsnelle beats. De van oorsprong op harde muziek georiënteerde subcultuur krijgt ook steeds meer te maken met een vervelend bij-effect…. Read more
At a music concert left a squat in Leiden is a neo-Nazi from Katwijk friends present. He wears a sweater that says “Stormfront, S.F.N. Katwijk”. He must leave the place.
In the public discourse dominating the Netherlands after 1945, anti-Semitism and racism – two of the basic elements of (“classical”) right-wing extremism – have tended to be seen as uncharacteristic of Dutch society.1According to many experts, this is attributed to Dutch experiences in the Second World War, as the Netherlands saw the largest percentage of national Jewish populations in Europe killed, after Poland. A guilt complex related to Dutch behaviour during the War has led to what is often called “the basic consensus” on what is “bad” and “good” in Dutch society.
This report deals with youths and young adults who have become involved in extreme right-wing movements and then got out again. It has been established on the basis of research in which taking one's own life stories of the individuals concerned a central place. The extreme right in the Netherlands has in recent decades been subject to major change. While the extreme right is largely manifested through political parties in the eighties and nineties, This political orientation was the last decade especially
reflected on the internet and also in a more diffuse way street activism.
Assure full color Alert! Kafka and see what symbolism is used in clothing and on by right-wing extremist youth in the Netherlands and through which words and combinations of those numbers to the outside world and communicate each other that they hold racist views on after. Even if the background history of skinheads in Netherlands, the rise of cronies and more. A must for anyone professionally or voluntarily working with these young people. De brochure is april 2008 in a revised edition published.
With the Racism & Extremism seeks various forms of racism, extremism and anti-Semitism - and reactions to these phenomena - to
monitor and issue periodic reports. First we will look at the phenomena: how do racism, extremism and anti-Semitism in the Dutch society. One could look at the expression, such as politically organized racism, and to the exclusion form, eg catering discrimination. Some symptoms are limited by their nature not to the Dutch territory, such as discrimination on the Internet. In such cases, the extra-territorial context is taken into account. Fixed pattern in the monitoring study is the attempt as much as possible to identify different kinds of victims and perpetrators. This exercise can relate to both natives and foreigners, including the latter let divide again in various minority groups. The response to racism, extremism and anti-Semitism can be different in nature, from educational to legal. Usually the nature of the response depending on the appearance of the discrimination, the category of victims and the background of the perpetrators. In addition, some forms of response to coexist or even synergistic. Regular monitoring of the phenomena, victims, the perpetrators and the response serves several purposes. In this way we try to contribute to the understanding of the fight against racism, extremism and anti-Semitism. Furthermore, accumulation of knowledge rather than the fixed system and the periodicity of the study. Finally, there is an image obtained by developments in the long run and makes suggestions based on past experience for future solutions.
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CIDI include Kafka seven reports issued by a cast Hitler salute. The Region Amsterdam Police reports that in May a boy brings the Hitler salute and thereby "Heil" calls towards the Anne Frank House. The same boy brings later (o.a. at Gay Monument, Dam) again a number of times the Hitler salute. The boy is part of a group which is maintained as a whole. Op 4 May, called during the commemoration in a Frisian village in a youth center "Heil Hitler".
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1. Inleiding
Iconic within the extreme right in the Netherlands are currently unorganized
(groups) individuals and youth subcultures that in many ways, and whether or not politically motivated propagate an extreme right-wing or racist message. More and more indigenous youth use extreme right symbols to emphasize their identity.
Because different immigrant youth in the public space also in groups
manifest, comes especially in the smaller towns and secondary schools in the country
regularly to provocations and confrontations. Thereby initiated the provocation is sometimes
of the youths and then the immigrant youth. When incidents on
This way caused the mere outward show of the extreme right
indigenous young enough for major societal resistance. Especially young people
likes to dress in brand Lonsdale, popularly called "Lonsdale youth" called, zijn
last year subject of great social, political and media attention
been. Lonsdale is no more than a British clothing brand that likes to be worn inside the
largest youth subculture in Netherlands. The vast majority of young people that Lonsdale
wear manifests itself without political ideology and loose connections. Although the
problems they create are mainly in the field of public order, , the fact
that some of them dress uniform and uses right-wing extremist symbols, of
perceived right-wing extremist threat emanating from them strengthen.
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The Monitoring racism and the extreme right seeks various forms of racism, extreme right and discrimination - as well as response to these phenomena - to monitor and issue periodic reports. The initiative for this project is mid-nineties adopted by the Leiden University.
Since the fourth report, the monitoring project is run jointly by Leiden University and the Anne Frank Foundation. The usefulness of periodic monitoring report is diverse. It is based on a fixed yardstick 'the balance of the principal manifestations and incidents of racial discrimination, racism and right-wing extremism, and the development of strategies to combat. The reports are politicians, directors and representatives of civil society put in a position to reflect on the problems and come to solving strategies. The reports can contribute by their systematic and periodic character of accumulation of knowledge and understanding. It will also provide insight into developments that occur in the longer term. That applies not only to the recent period but also for the future. The monitor can also contribute to early identification of relevant, new developments. Finally, the report could be helpful in answering the numerous practical questions on this subject from
within- or abroad are made.
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Annually appears the Monitoring racism and the extreme right of the Anne Frank Foundation and Leiden University. The rapporteurs Jaap van Donselaar and Peter Rodrigues noted that the number of violent racist incidents in the year 2001 remarkable decreased: 317 violent incidents 2001 tegen 406 in 2000 en 345 in 1999. Figures on 2002 are not included in the above monitor. The annual report of the AIVD also pays attention to expressions of extreme right groups in the Netherlands. About the AIVD says the following: "The extreme right is wearing anti-democratic attitudes and opposes the influx and integration of immigrants into Dutch society. At the moment, extreme right in the Netherlands is unable to be considered the continued existence of the democratic legal to threaten seriously. Remain extreme right actions harmful to inter-ethnic relations within the Dutch society '.
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3.1 Extreme right
Extreme right in the Netherlands carries out anti-democratic attitudes and opposes the influx and integration of immigrants into Dutch society. At the moment, extreme right in the Netherlands is unable to be considered the continued existence of the democratic legal to threaten seriously. Remain extreme right actions harmful to inter-ethnic relations within the Dutch society. This section discusses the various extreme right-wing movements addressed and discusses the links between extreme right and the LPF / Liveable Flow.
3.1.1 Currents
The AIVD distinguishes roughly three streams within the extreme right. First, there are the representatives of the so-called civil extreme right '. They honor xenophobic and ultranationalist views, but have conformed to democratic mores, partly forced by the courts and public opinion. The neo-Nazi organizations are a second form. They argue openly anti-democratic and racist and are also likely to achieve their goals by illegal means. Thirdly, there are unorganized groups of individuals and subcultures, which in many different ways and may or may not politically motivated, engaged in the propagation of an extreme right-wing or racist message. The latter could include the commission of racist violence, extreme right-wing statements on the Internet or distributing sound recordings discriminatory or racist texts.
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In the fifth reporting Monitoring racism and the extreme right are the years 2001 and - where possible - 2002 central. The attacks on the United States 11 september 2001 and the murder of Pim Fortuyn 6 May 2002 have had a significant impact on the overall picture of this reporting period. Both events have left deep marks on the interethnic relations in the Netherlands. These traces can be found in the fifth reporting. It is questions like: increases or decreases the number of racist violence in Netherlands? Which right-wing political parties have disappeared and which come in its place? The number of discrimination cases that reaches the public prosecutor or decreases? And what be provided there for business and to what extent that lead to convictions? The initiative for the project Monitoring racism and the extreme right is the mid-nineties taken by the Leiden University. The monitoring project is now jointly conducted by Leiden University and the Anne Frank. This report was made possible with support from the Management Integration and Coordination Minorities of the Ministry of Justice.
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Every year brings the Anne Frank Foundation and Leiden University Monitor
Racism and Extreme Right off. The fourth report – Jaap van Donselaar
en Peter Rodrigues – appeared at the end 2001. These are all forms of
racism, not only anti-Semitism. The researchers note an "increase
the number of violent incidents and the increase also applies in comparison
with previous years. The average over the last five years more than 300,
while the five-year average in the previous monitoring report still below 250
lag’. The report counts over the years 1999 en 2000 a total number of incidents
respectively 345 en 406. They also suggest a hardening fixed: "Remarkable in
years 1999 en 2000 the trend is to a certain degree of hardening of the
violence, that is to say: in comparison with previous years, we see
multiple targeted violence. Anti-Semitic violence takes on meaning
to…The far-right perpetrators is more forward than in the
previous period, all the numerically involves a relatively small part of
the whole…..Many incidents in the years 1999 en 2000 hold in any way
relation to asylum. Not only AZCs are often targeted by
violence, but also individual asylum seekers'.
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2.1 Extreme right
Wing extremist groups often carry an undemocratic ideology and committed xenophobic or even racist manner against the presence of foreigners in Netherlands. The extreme right-wing political organizations and movements in the Netherlands are closely divided and sometimes hold very different ideologies after.
Yet roughly to make a distinction between two extreme right direction. First, there is the so-called civil extreme right ', whose representatives preach ultra-nationalist and xenophobic ideas. Of a different order are the more radical 'neo-Nazi' groups, which unadulterated anti-democratic and racist attitudes honor.
The civil extreme right-wing parties and organizations have this year managed to recover from the blows electoral and organizational malaise which they had to face the previous years. Although not officially confirmed, Block consists Dutch (NB) since the loss of the only seat in the Utrecht city council 1998 not anymore. Also, former political leader of the Centre Democrats Janmaat (CD) several times publicly stated that he sees little future more in a return to politics. Since the CD has barely framework, The CD seems finally on the wane.
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Is there in our country evidence of increasing or decreasing racial violence? How is it with the tolerance in the Netherlands? Has the local policy against discrimination catering success or keep the number of complaints? To answer these questions it is important that research is conducted to periodically monitor the manifestations of racial discrimination and extreme right. This interest is mid-nineties recognized by the University of Leiden and there is the project Monitoring racism and the extreme right developed. Currently the project is implemented by the Leiden University in cooperation with the Anne Frank Foundation and with support from the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations. Research Monitor is an internationally recognized tool for the detection of racism and discrimination, and developing policies against. In 1999 was in Vienna the European Monitoring Centre on Racism
Xenophobia and start. The Vienna Observatory seeks to follow developments in the European Union and analyzed using national monitoring centers. The project Monitoring racism and the extreme right is an important source for the supply of data to the European Monitoring Centre. In the European Directive 29 juni 2000 equal treatment of persons on the grounds of racial or ethnic origin is also included a monitor provision: after the conclusion of the national regulatory (physical appearance) 2003 shall, with effect from 2005 every five years report to be done on the effectiveness of those national measures.
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The map of the extreme right in the Netherlands compared to 1999 not much
change. The world of the far right is divided into political parties,
organizations and groups.
Parties are the Centre Democrats, de Nieuwe Nationale Partij (NNP) and
Nederlands Blok. The NNP is the most active and trying to "clean’ slogans
accretion to find. The NNP arose when after the schism within CP'86
extreme right threatened to fall apart.
For organizations Post and the National Platform for Action Nationalist
Students (LANS). In Outpost mainly ex-members of CP'86, as Marcel
Routes, Tim Mudde, Marc by Marc de Boer Hoogstra, active. CP'86 was in 1998
forbidden.
Neo-Nazi groups are the Action Front National Socialists (ANS), of
Fundamentalist Workers Party (FAP) and the Dutch People's Union (NVU,
National Offensive and the new offshoot: the Stormfront. The
National Offensive otherwise hardly exists. The most famous neo
in the Netherlands is still Constant Kusters.
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